# Western North Atlantic Basin 6,000 Year Paleotempestology Database 
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#                World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
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# Template Version 2.0
# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. 
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. 
#
# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21391 
# Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/oliva2017/oliva2017intervals.txt
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# Original_Source_URL: 
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# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# Archive: Other Collections
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# Parameter_Keywords: 
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# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2017-01-16
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# Title
#	Study_Name: Western North Atlantic Basin 6,000 Year Paleotempestology Database 
#--------------------
# Investigators
# 	Investigators: Oliva, F.; Peros, M.; Viau, A. 
#--------------------
# Description_and_Notes
#	Description: Summary of published paleotempestological studies for the western North Atlantic Basin.
#	Provided Keywords: Paleotempestology, hydroclimatology, tropical cyclones, X-ray fluorescence core scanning, geochemistry
#	
#	Definitions:
# Table	Field	Definition	Values	Type
# Intervals	Article	Integer ID of article	1-59	String
# Intervals	Author	Author Name	varies	String
# Intervals	Interval_ID	Unique Event ID.  Prefix A (for article), followed by article ID (leading zero),  followed by "I" (for interval), followed by interval number  (01-99, leading zero)	0,1,2,3,4,5	
# Intervals	Interval_Proxy	Flag to indicate if proxy is from a physical sample (core), or from observation (instrumental or historical record).  Majority of events identified from cores.	Core, Observation	String
# Intervals	Dating_Media	Description from article of physical sample used for radiocarbon analysis.  "na" if no data.	varies	String
# Intervals	Proxy_ID	Identification from article of sample name from which the interval was inferred (typically the borehole ID). "na" if no data	varies	String
# Intervals	Interval_type	Indicates whether recorded interval from the article has either a quantitative return period (in years) associated with it, or only a qualifier (text) of hurricane activity.	"Frequency, Quantitative" or "Qualitative"	String
# Intervals	Age_uncal_data	0 if there is no uncalibrated data, but there is calibrated data.  1 if there is uncalibrated data and calibrated data. 2 if there is no calibrated data, JUST uncalibrated data (e.g. liu & fearn 1993)	0,1,2	Integer
# Intervals	Interval_Age_UnCal_Min_BP	Minimum of range of interval age in years before present (1950) - or 14C radiocarbon age.  0 if there is no data with Age_uncal_data flag of 0.	0, 800-4000	Integer
# Intervals	Interval_Age_UnCal_Max_BP	Maximum of range of interval age in years before present (1950) - or 14C radiocarbon age.  0 if there is no data with Age_uncal_data flag of 0.	0, 3200-4500	Integer
# Intervals	Interval_Age_Cal_Min_BP	Minimum of interval age range, calibrated with dating model , in years BP (1950).  Zero if no data	0, 50-6700	Integer
# Intervals	Interval_Age_Cal_Max_BP	Maximum of interval of age range, calibrated with dating model , in years BP (1950).  Zero if no data	0, -51-6900	Integer
# Intervals	Recurrence_yrs_min	Minimum of range of return period or recurrence, in years, of hurricane event associated with interval, identified as significant by authors.  Zero if no data	0, 5-800	Double
# Intervals	Recurrence_yrs_max	Maximum of range of return period or recurrence, in years, of hurricane event associated with interval, identified as significant by authors. Zero if no data	0, 5-800	Double
# Intervals	Recurrence_Qualified	Qualifier used by authors to describe hurricane frequency of intervals	varies	String
# Intervals	Data_Source	Source of data within the article (e.g. table or figure number, section number)	varies	string
# Intervals	Calendar_Date_Min_Year	Calibrated calendar year minimum of range.  Incorporates age error estimate.  Negative values are from calendar year 0 (e.g. -4,000 is 4,000 years BC).	-4900 to 1900	Integer
# Intervals	Calendar_Date_Max_Year	Calibrated calendar year maximum of range.  Incorporates age error estimate.  Negative values are from calendar year 0 (e.g. -4,000 is 4,000 years BC).	-4750 to 2002	Integer
# Intervals	LF_Lat_dec_deg_N	Latitude of individual sample location, if available, decimal	varies	Integer
# Intervals	LF_Lon_dec_deg_W	Longitude of individual sample location, if available, decimal	varies	Integer
# Intervals	lat txt	Text string representing sample location latitude in degrees, minutes seconds	varies	string
# Intervals	lon_txt	Text string representing sample location longitude in degrees, minutes seconds	varies	string
# 
#--------------------
# Publication 
#	Authors: Frank Oliva, Matthew Peros, Andre Viau
#	Published_Date_or_Year: 2017-01-10
#	Published_Title: A review of the spatial distribution of and analytical techniques used in paleotempestological studies in the western North Atlantic Basin 
#	Journal_Name: Progress in Physical Geography
#	Volume: 41
#	Edition: 
#	Issue: 1
#	Pages: 
#	Report_Number: 
#	DOI: 10.1177/0309133316683899
#	Online_Resource: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0309133316683899
#	Full_Citation: 
#	Abstract: Paleotempestology, the study of past tropical cyclones (TCs) using geological proxy techniques, is a growing discipline that utilizes data from a broad range of sources. Most paleotempestological studies have been conducted using "established proxies," such as grain-size analysis, loss-on-ignition, and micropaleontological indicators. More recently, however, researchers have been applying more advanced geochemical analyses, such as X-ray fluorescence core scanning and stable isotopic geochemistry, to generate new paleotempestological records. In this paper we begin by providing a list of paleotempestological studies for the western North Atlantic Basin and illustrate the spatial coverage of these studies. We then review the premises behind both established and new proxies and discuss their strengths and limitations at resolving past hurricane activity. Lastly, we suggest future directions for paleotempestological research based on our review of the literature that we argue will ultimately lead to a better understanding of TC dynamics under future climate change scenarios.
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# Funding_Agency 
#	Funding_Agency_Name: Canada Research Chairs
#	Grant: 
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# Funding_Agency 
#	Funding_Agency_Name: NSERC
#	Grant: 
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# Site_Information 
#	Site_Name: Western North Atlantic
#	Location: Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean
#	Country:  
#	Northernmost_Latitude: 50.0
#	Southernmost_Latitude: 10.0
#	Easternmost_Longitude: -50.0
#	Westernmost_Longitude: -100
#	Elevation: 0 m  
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# Data_Collection   
#	Collection_Name: Oliva2017intervals
#	Earliest_Year: 6000
#	Most_Recent_Year: -50
#	Time_Unit: Cal. Year BP
#	Core_Length: m
#	Notes: 
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# Chronology_Information
#	Chronology: 
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# Variables 
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# Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) 
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# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values:  
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Article	Author	IntIrval_ID	Age_uncal_data	Interval_Age_UnCal_Min_BP	Interval_Age_UnCal_Max_BP	Interval_Age_Cal_Min_BP	Interval_Age_Cal_Max_BP	Recurrence_yrs_min	Recurrence_yrs_max	Recurrence_Qualified	Data_Source	Calendar_Date_Min_Year	Calendar_Date_Max_Year	LF_Lat_dec_deg_N	LF_Lon_dec_deg_W	lat txt	lon_txt
1	Adomat and Gischler	A01I01	0	0	0	4900	6000	0	0	active period	Fig 9 and text	-4050	-2950	Bivalve shell, Coral fragment, Organic matter, Organic matter of underlying organic mud, Organic matter within sand deposit, Three coral fragments from various core depths, Two coral fragments, Underlying mangrove peat	CP2, ML3, CBi1, CBi4, CBi2, MRB1, MRB2, MRB2, CBi5, CBi5, CP6		
1	Adomat and Gischler	A01I02	0	0	0	3600	4200	0	0	active period	Fig 9 and text	-2250	-1650	Bivalve shell, Coral fragment, Organic matter, Organic matter of underlying organic mud, Organic matter within sand deposit, Three coral fragments from various core depths, Two coral fragments, Underlying mangrove peat	CP2, ML3, CBi1, CBi4, CBi2, MRB1, MRB2, MRB2, CBi5, CBi5, CP6		
1	Adomat and Gischler	A01I03	0	0	0	1500	2200	0	0	active period	Fig 9 and text	-250	450	Bivalve shell, Coral fragment, Organic matter, Organic matter of underlying organic mud, Organic matter within sand deposit, Three coral fragments from various core depths, Two coral fragments, Underlying mangrove peat	CP2, ML3, CBi1, CBi4, CBi2, MRB1, MRB2, MRB2, CBi5, CBi5, CP6		
2	Aharon and Lambert	A02I01	0	0	0	0	980	90	90	na	Table 2	970	1950	30.260463	-87.663843		
2	Aharon and Lambert	A02I02	0	0	0	0	470	70	70	na	Table 2	1480	1950	30.260463	-87.663843		
5	Brandon et al.	A05I01	0	0	0	1700	2500	800	800	na	text, section 4.4	-550	250	30.097777778	-84.340555556	N 30° 5′ 53.52″	W 84° 19′ 40.86″
5	Brandon et al.	A05I02	0	0	0	600	1700	79	79	na	text, section 4.4	250	1350	30.097777778	-84.340555556	N 30° 5′ 53.52″	W 84° 19′ 40.86″
5	Brandon et al.	A05I03	0	0	0	0	600	32	32	na	text, section 4.4	1350	1950	30.097777778	-84.340555556	N 30° 5′ 53.52″	W 84° 19′ 40.86″
14	Das et al.	A14I01	0	0	0	0	1000	83	83	na	Table 3	950	1950	bulk organic, wood, shells	052109-03, 052209-02, 052209-03		
14	Das et al.	A14I02	0	0	0	1000	2400	141	141	na	Table 3	-450	950	bulk organic, wood, shells	052109-03, 052209-02, 052209-03		
14	Das et al.	A14I03	0	0	0	0	1000	71	71	na	Table 3	950	1950	bulk organic, wood, shells	052109-03, 052209-02, 052209-03		
14	Das et al.	A14I04	0	0	0	1000	2900	92	92	na	Table 3	-950	950	bulk organic, wood, shells	052109-03, 052209-02, 052209-03		
14	Das et al.	A14I05	0	0	0	0	1000	71	71	na	Table 3	950	1950	bulk organic, wood, shells	052109-03, 052209-02, 052209-03		
14	Das et al.	A14I06	0	0	0	1000	3400	86	86	na	Table 3	-1450	950	bulk organic, wood, shells	052109-03, 052209-02, 052209-03		
15	Denommee et al.	A15I01	0	0	0	-50	50	22.8	22.8	na	Figure 4	1900	2000	varve	na		
15	Denommee et al.	A15I02	0	0	0	50	150	5	5	na	Figure 4	1800	1900	varve	na		
15	Denommee et al.	A15I03	0	0	0	150	250	9.9	9.9	na	Figure 4	1700	1800	varve	na		
15	Denommee et al.	A15I04	0	0	0	350	450	15.7	15.7	na	Figure 4	1500	1600	varve	na		
15	Denommee et al.	A15I05	0	0	0	450	550	18.9	18.9	na	Figure 4	1400	1500	varve	na		
15	Denommee et al.	A15I06	0	0	0	550	650	18.9	18.9	na	Figure 4	1300	1400	varve	na		
15	Denommee et al.	A15I07	0	0	0	650	750	24.7	24.7	na	Figure 4	1200	1300	varve	na		
15	Denommee et al.	A15I08	0	0	0	750	850	25	25	na	Figure 4	1100	1200	varve	na		
15	Denommee et al.	A15I09	0	0	0	850	950	23.4	23.4	na	Figure 4	1000	1100	varve	na		
15	Denommee et al.	A15I10	0	0	0	950	1050	23.4	23.4	na	Figure 4	900	1000	varve	na		
15	Denommee et al.	A15I11	0	0	0	1050	1150	26	26	na	Figure 4	800	900	varve	na		
15	Denommee et al.	A15I12	0	0	0	1150	1250	22.3	22.3	na	Figure 4	700	800	varve	na		
17	Donnelly and Woodruff	A17I01	0	0	0	0	238	0	0	Intense Hurricane Landfalls	Figure 3	1712	1950	wood, seeds and shells	LPG4		
17	Donnelly and Woodruff	A17I02	0	0	0	238	456	0	0	Relatively Few Intense-Hurricane-Induced layers	Figure 3	1494	1712	wood, seeds and shells	LPG4		
17	Donnelly and Woodruff	A17I03	0	0	0	456	568	0	0	Intense Hurricane Landfalls	Figure 3	1382	1494	wood, seeds and shells	LPG4		
17	Donnelly and Woodruff	A17I04	0	0	0	568	1006	0	0	Relatively Few Intense-Hurricane-Induced layers	Figure 3	944	1382	wood, seeds and shells	LPG4		
17	Donnelly and Woodruff	A17I05	0	0	0	1006	2499	0	0	Intense Hurricane Landfalls	Figure 3	-549	944	wood, seeds and shells	LPG4		
17	Donnelly and Woodruff	A17I06	0	0	0	2499	3596	0	0	Relatively Few Intense-Hurricane-Induced layers	Figure 3	-1646	-549	wood, seeds and shells	LPG4		
17	Donnelly and Woodruff	A17I07	0	0	0	3596	4854	0	0	Intense Hurricane Landfalls	Figure 3	-2904	-1646	wood, seeds and shells	LPG4		
17	Donnelly and Woodruff	A17I08	0	0	0	4854	5054	0	0	Relatively Few Intense-Hurricane-Induced layers	Figure 3	-3104	-2904	wood, seeds and shells	LPG4		
17	Donnelly and Woodruff	A17I09	0	0	0	5054	6000	0	0	Intense Hurricane Landfalls	Figure 3	-4050	-3104	wood, seeds and shells	LPG4		
21	Donnelly et al. 	A21I01	0	0	0	800	1800	43.5	43.5	heightened frequency of event bed deposition	throughout text	150	1150	plant macrofossils	SP2		
21	Donnelly et al. 	A21I02	0	0	0	275	530	25.5	25.5	heightened frequency of event bed deposition	throughout text	1420	1675	plant macrofossils	SP2		
22	Ercolani et al.	A22I01	0	0	0	500	1000	45.5	71.4	active period	section 3.4	950	1450	plant and wood fragments	1206-22 and 1206-23		
31	Kiage et al.	A31I01	0	0	0	1100	2000	112.5	112.5	active period	figure 6	-50	850	organic sediments	Core W-8		
31	Kiage et al.	A31I02	0	0	0	0	100	100	100	active period	figure 6	1850	1950	organic sediments	Core W-8		
33	Lambert et al.	A33I01	0	0	0	490	630	140	140	active period	na	1320	1460	sapropel	Cores 2 & 11		
33	Lambert et al.	A33I02	0	0	0	430	490	12	12	active period	na	1460	1520	sapropel	Cores 2 & 11		
33	Lambert et al.	A33I03	0	0	0	-52	430	96.4	96.4	active period	na	1520	2002	sapropel	Cores 2 & 11		
34	Lane et al.	A34I01	0	0	0	3755	4060	26.31578947	26.31578947	high threshold frequency significantly higher than historic rate	Fig.7, section 3.8	-2110	-1805	plant fragments, wood, bark	MLT1, MLT2		
34	Lane et al.	A34I02	0	0	0	3492	3640	26.31578947	26.31578947	high threshold frequency significantly higher than historic rate	Fig.7, section 3.8	-1690	-1542	plant fragments, wood, bark	MLT1, MLT2		
34	Lane et al.	A34I03	0	0	0	3175	3312	22.22222222	22.22222222	high threshold frequency significantly higher than historic rate	Fig.7, section 3.8	-1362	-1225	plant fragments, wood, bark	MLT1, MLT2		
34	Lane et al.	A34I04	0	0	0	2284	2869	18.18181818	18.18181818	high threshold frequency significantly higher than historic rate	Fig.7, section 3.8	-919	-334	plant fragments, wood, bark	MLT1, MLT2		
34	Lane et al.	A34I05	0	0	0	1147	1231	26.31578947	26.31578947	high threshold frequency significantly higher than historic rate	Fig.7, section 3.8	719	803	plant fragments, wood, bark	MLT1, MLT2		
34	Lane et al.	A34I06	0	0	0	906	972	31.25	31.25	high threshold frequency significantly higher than historic rate	Fig.7, section 3.8	978	1044	plant fragments, wood, bark	MLT1, MLT2		
34	Lane et al.	A34I07	0	0	0	627	755	22.22222222	22.22222222	high threshold frequency significantly higher than historic rate	Fig.7, section 3.8	1195	1323	plant fragments, wood, bark	MLT1, MLT2		
37	Liu and Fearn	A37I01	2	1000	3400	0	0	218	218	dramatic increase in frequency and thickness of sand layers, Cat 4 or 5 events	p 242	0	0	30.316666667	-86.150000000	N 30° 19′ 31.00″	W 86° 09′ 12.00″
38	Liu and Fearn	A38I01	2	800	3400	0	0	600	600	average recurrence interval, cat 4 or 5 events	p 795, 4th para	0	0	30.260463	-87.663843		
41	Malaizé et al.	A41I01	0	0	0	250	750	125	125	more intense hurricanes	Figure 11 & text	1200	1700	18.125000000	-63.052777778	N 18° 06′ 00.90″	W 63° 03′ 08.10″
41	Malaizé et al.	A41I02	0	0	0	1740	1975	47	117.5	more intense hurricanes	Figure 11 & text	-25	210	18.125000000	-63.052777778	N 18° 06′ 00.90″	W 63° 03′ 08.10″
41	Malaizé et al.	A41I03	0	0	0	2680	3750	107	133.75	more intense hurricanes	Figure 11 & text	-1800	-730	18.125000000	-63.052777778	N 18° 06′ 00.90″	W 63° 03′ 08.10″
43	McCloskey and Keller	A43I01	0	2500	3200	2500	3200	116.6666667	116.6666667	hurricane cluster event (HCE 13)	section 5.3, fig 5	-1250	-550	17.13888889	-88.31666667	N 17° 08′ 30.20″	W 88° 18′ 20.60″
43	McCloskey and Keller	A43I02	1	4000	4500	4500	5500	76.92307692	76.92307692	hurricane cluster event (HCE15 +HCE16)	section 5.3, fig 5	-3550	-2550	17.13888889	-88.31666667	N 17° 08′ 30.20″	W 88° 18′ 20.60″
44	McCloskey and Liu	A44I01	0	0	0	200	600	133.3333333	133.3333333	Active period	text and figure 8	1350	1750	16.9	-88.3		
44	McCloskey and Liu	A44I02	0	0	0	1450	2600	127.7777778	230	Active period	text and figure 8	-650	500	16.9	-88.3		
44	McCloskey and Liu	A44I03	0	0	0	3200	4200	166.6666667	166.6666667	Active period	text and figure 8	-2250	-1250	16.9	-88.3		
44	McCloskey and Liu	A44I04	0	0	0	4750	5450	100	100	Active period	text and figure 8	-3500	-2800	16.9	-88.3		
44	McCloskey and Liu	A44I05	0	0	0	5750	6050	100	100	Active period	text and figure 8	-4100	-3800	16.9	-88.3		
44	McCloskey and Liu	A44I06	0	0	0	6700	6900	100	100	Active period	text and figure 8	-4950	-4750	16.9	-88.3		
45	McCloskey and Liu 	A45I01	0	0	0	0	800	266.6666667	266.6666667	Active period	Figure 5	1150	1950	12.10277778	-83.68611111	N 12° 06′ 45.10″	W 83° 41′ 26.10″
48	Peros et al.	A48I01	0	0	0	1800	2600	0	0	Frequent hurricanes/increase in activity	text, p1491	-650	150	foraminifera, fossil pollen, particle size analysis, and macrocharcoal	SC01		
48	Peros et al.	A48I02	0	0	0	250	500	0	0	Frequent hurricanes/increase in activity	text, p1491	1450	1700	foraminifera, fossil pollen, particle size analysis, and macrocharcoal	SC01		
50	Scileppi and Donnelly	A50I01	0	0	0	900	2200	0	0	Frequent overwash deposition/frequent intense hurricane lanfalls	text, 5.4 and conclusions	-250	1050	40.597	-73.58		
50	Scileppi and Donnelly	A50I02	0	0	0	2800	3500	0	0	Frequent overwash deposition/frequent intense hurricane lanfalls	text, 5.4 and conclusions	-1550	-850	40.597	-73.58		
52	Toomey et al.	A52I01	0	0	0	3800	4600	0	0	increased coarse fraction deposition	text, section 4.2	-2650	-1850	24.71315	-79.2437		
52	Toomey et al.	A52I02	0	0	0	1800	2400	0	0	increased coarse fraction deposition	text, section 4.2	-450	150	24.71315	-79.2437		
52	Toomey et al.	A52I03	0	0	0	500	1200	0	0	increased coarse fraction deposition	text, section 4.2	750	1450	24.71315	79.2437		
52	Toomey et al.	A52I04	0	0	0	-50	50	0	0	increased coarse fraction deposition	text, section 4.2	1900	2000	24.71315	79.2437		
53	van Hengstum et al.	A53I01	0	0	0	800	900	0	0	frequent intense hurricane events	text section 5.1	1050	1150	Barbatia domingenesis	TPBH-C1		
53	van Hengstum et al.	A53I02	0	0	0	300	600	0	0	heightened hurricane activity	text section 5.1	1350	1650	Barbatia domingenesis	TPBH-C1		
54	van Hengstum et al.	A54I01	0	0	0	100	300	0	0	interval of intense hurricane activity	text, p 7 (discussion)	1650	1850	terrestrial plant macrofossils	BWLD-C1, BWLD-C2		
54	van Hengstum et al.	A54I02	0	0	0	1000	2500	0	0	interval of intense hurricane activity	text, p 7 (discussion)	-550	950	terrestrial plant macrofossils	BWLD-C1, BWLD-C2		
55	Wallace and Anderson	A55I01	0	0	0	1582	4235	442.1666667	442.1666667	overwash record	text, p.512	-2285	368	mollusc shells	core 25, core 30, core 32, core 33		
55	Wallace and Anderson	A55I02	0	0	0	1433	2382	94.9	94.9	overwash record	text, p.512	-432	517	mollusc shells	core 25, core 30, core 32, core 33		
55	Wallace and Anderson	A55I03	0	0	0	940	3558	436.3333333	436.3333333	overwash record	text, p.512	-1608	1010	mollusc shells	core 25, core 30, core 32, core 33		
55	Wallace and Anderson	A55I04	0	0	0	2072	5377	300.4545455	300.4545455	overwash record	text, p.512	-3427	-122	mollusc shells	core 25, core 30, core 32, core 33		
59	Woodruff et al.	A59I01	0	0	0	-39	1350	138.9	138.9	isolated event layers	figure 4	600	1989	wood, seeds, gastropod shells	core 4, core 12		
59	Woodruff et al.	A59I01	0	0	0	1350	2500	127.7777778	127.7777778	isolated event layers	figure 4	-550	600	wood, seeds, gastropod shells	core 4, core 12		
59	Woodruff et al.	A59I01	0	0	0	2500	5000	250	250	isolated event layers	figure 4	-3050	-550	wood, seeds, gastropod shells	core 4, core 12