# Northwest Iceland Holocene Biomarker Data and Climate Reconstructions #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/20023 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-ocean-20023.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Paleoceanography # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/j54w-bz79 # # Science_Keywords: Air Temperature Reconstruction, Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/moossen2015/moossen2015dd-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; delta Deuterium of leaf wax derived C29 n-alkane # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2016-04-15 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2024-06-06 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northwest Iceland Holocene Biomarker Data and Climate Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Moossen, H.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4768-2603); Bendle, J.A.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6826-8658); Seki, O.; Quillmann, U.; Kawamura, K.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-700X) #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Northwest Iceland Holocene sea surface temperature and mean air temperature reconstructed using soil-pH, ACL25-35 variability, and the hydrogen isotopic composition of the C29 n-alkane from sediment core MD99-2266, Isafjardardjup Fjord, Denmark Strait. Provided keywords: ACL25-35, soil-pH, C29-dD, Iceland, Holocene. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Heiko Moossen, James Bendle, Osamu Seki, Ursula Quillmann, Kimitaka Kawamura # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Published_Title: North Atlantic Holocene climate evolution recorded by high-resolution terrestrial and marine biomarker records # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015 # Volume: 129 # Pages: 111-127 # Issue: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.10.013 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Holocene climatic change is driven by a plethora of forcing mechanisms acting on different time scales, including: insolation, internal ocean (e.g. Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation; AMOC) and atmospheric (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation; NAO) variability. However, it is unclear how these driving mechanisms interact with each other. Here we present five, biomarker based, paleoclimate records (air-, sea surface temperature and precipitation), from a fjordic sediment core, revealing North Atlantic terrestrial and marine climate in unprecedented detail. The Early Holocene (10.7-7.8 kyrs BP) is characterised by relatively high air temperatures while SSTs are dampened by melt water events, and relatively low precipitation. The Middle Holocene (7.8-3.2 kyrs BP) is characterised by peak SSTs, declining air temperatures and high precipitation. A pronounced marine thermal maximum occurs between ~7-5.5 kyrs BP, 3000 years after the terrestrial thermal maximum, driven by melt water cessation and an accelerating AMOC. The neoglacial cooling, between 5.8 and 3.2 kyrs BP leads into the late Holocene. We demonstrate that an observed modern link between Icelandic precipitation variability during different NAO phases, may have existed from ~7.5 kyrs BP. A simultaneous decoupling of both air, and sea surface temperature records from declining insolation at ~3.2 kyrs BP may indicate a threshold, after which internal feedback mechanisms, namely the NAO evolved to be the primary drivers of Icelandic climate on centennial time-scales. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Scottish Alliance for GeoSciences (SAGES) # Grant: #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: MD99-2266 # Location: North Atlantic Ocean # Northernmost_Latitude: 66.228 # Southernmost_Latitude: 66.228 # Easternmost_Longitude: -23.265 # Westernmost_Longitude: -23.265 # Elevation_m: -106 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Moossen2015dD # First_Year: 10351 # Last_Year: 321 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: biomarkers # Notes: #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: Radiocarbon # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-14c-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Radiocarbon terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: Radiocarbon dates published in Quillmann et al. 2010 (https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1395) # Rejection_Rationale: Three dates near the core top are older than the underlying ages, suggesting disturbance of the core top. The date at 1784–1785 cm was older than the dates in the underlying sediments and therefore was omitted. The date at 3761–3763 cm was older than the dates in the underlying sediments and rejected because Quinqueloculina seminulum, a benthic foraminifer used to obtain this data point, has been shown in Hudson Bay and Greenland to give ages that are too old # Reservoir_Method: # Calibration_Method: CALIB Radiocarbon Calibration online program, version 5.0.2 # Age_Model_Method: calculated assuming linear sedimentation rates between each 14C-AMS date and between the youngest 14C-AMS date and the core top. # Missing_Values: NaN # Chronology_Table: # lab_code depth_end_cm depth_start_cm age_14C_BP1950 age_14C_1s_yr delta_R_yr delta_R_err_yr age_calib_neg2s_BP1950 age_calib_pos2s_BP1950 age_calib_BP1950 calib_curve date_type material_dated date_used # AA35804 0 3 780 40 0 50 290 508 399 Marine04 14C AMS Unidentified bivalve no # AA67746 9.5 10.5 822 67 0 50 666 909 788 Marine04 14C AMS Macoma calcarea no # CURL8022 22 23 830 15 0 50 330 534 432 Marine04 14C AMS Unidentified bivalve fragment no # AA67747 24 25 746 61 0 50 251 514 382 Marine04 14C AMS Thyasira flexuosa yes # AA58537 34 36 809 30 0 50 309 522 416 Marine04 14C AMS Thyasira flexuosa yes # AA53619 72 74 1151 53 0 50 565 873 719 Marine04 14C AMS Nuculana pernula yes # CURL7633 112 114 1450 15 0 50 897 1133 1015 Marine04 14C AMS Yolida sp. yes # AA58536 139 141 1640 33 0 50 1055 1302 1178 Marine04 14C AMS Dentalium sp. yes # AA53620 162 164 1800 45 0 50 1231 1508 1370 Marine04 14C AMS Nuculana pernula yes # AA58538 194 196 2126 34 0 50 1552 1858 1705 Marine04 14C AMS Thyasira sp. yes # AA50033 258.5 259.5 2503 36 0 50 2001 2312 2156 Marine04 14C AMS Astarte sp. yes # AA58972 371 373 3424 35 0 50 3136 3443 3290 Marine04 14C AMS Thyasira sp. yes # AA50035 1062 1064 6098 50 0 50 6359 6700 6530 Marine04 14C AMS Nuculana buccata yes # CURL5736 1266 1268 6570 45 0 50 6921 7243 7082 Marine04 14C AMS Nuculana buccata yes # CURL7613 1398 1399 6790 20 0 50 7209 7419 7314 Marine04 14C AMS Unidentified bivalve fragment yes # CURL7903 1736 1737 7640 30 0 50 7961 8241 8101 Marine04 14C AMS Nuculana sp. yes # CURL7756 1784 1785 7780 25 0 50 8134 8370 8252 Marine04 14C AMS Unidentified bivalve fragment no # NSRL13920 1789 1790 7755 20 0 50 8096 8353 8224 Marine04 14C AMS Unidentified bivalve fragment yes # AA50035 1867 1869 7826 49 0 50 8144 8425 8284 Marine04 14C AMS Nuculana pernula yes # CURL7903 2237 2238 8285 15 0 50 8646 8986 8816 Marine04 14C AMS Gastropod yes # AA35174 2761 2763 8840 65 0 50 9314 9714 9514 Marine04 14C AMS Dentalium sp. yes # AA50036 3128 3130 9320 190 0 50 9585 10548 10066 Marine04 14C AMS Nuculana pernula yes # NA 3591 3591 NA NA NA NA 10060 10300 10180 None Tephra Saksunarvatn tephra yes # AA50037 3761 3763 9800 70 0 50 10509 11024 10766 Marine04 14C AMS Quinqueloculina seminulum no # AA35255 3794 3796 9804 70 0 50 10513 11027 10770 Marine04 14C AMS Unidentified bivalve yes #-------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_calBP age,,,calendar year before present,,paleoceanography,,,N, ## d2HC29 delta 2H,C29 n-alkane,standard deviation>one standard deviation,per mil VSMOW,,paleoceanography,corrected,,N,leaf wax-derived C29 n-alkane; 4.7 1S SD; C29-dD values were corrected for changes in global ice volume after Collins et al. (2003) #-------------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: age_calBP d2HC29 321 -198.3203 331 -204.7893 350 -198.5033 360 -188.4738 379 -202.7689 398 -210.0869 443 -196.5047 467 -202.4166 515 -201.0685 539 -193.3995 563 -205.55 587 -205.2476 611 -198.0377 635 -198.3247 683 -202.385 707 -205.4467 731 -196.4304 752 -204.2382 775 -199.593 797 -201.1073 819 -196.9672 841 -200.5585 864 -200.1424 886 -202.0878 930 -196.4557 952 -199.1041 975 -210.5946 997 -188.5431 1015 -202.636 1029 -207.4954 1044 -201.4135 1059 -186.8155 1074 -182.3774 1120 -198.3396 1135 -185.3328 1150 -194.194 1165 -203.1943 1182 -179.1381 1359 -203.202 1413 -200.1394 1439 -190.3942 1465 -195.7519 1568 -198.9561 1671 -199.9514 1697 -193.3593 1722 -207.6042 1746 -213.6021 1921 -206.7725 1946 -198.609 2095 -205.0473 2120 -218.4472 2145 -201.4482 2168 -205.6242 2263 -195.3961 2664 -188.8708 2714 -176.7911 2814 -193.8694 2864 -199.6836 2915 -177.2628 2965 -192.4519 3015 -199.5305 3065 -197.9081 3165 -189.1595 3215 -196.3183 3266 -197.4626 3785 -194.2258 4162 -199.3294 4230 -197.7834 4367 -192.1415 4436 -188.8509 4470 -204.5541 4504 -198.4637 4572 -196.3181 4709 -196.1697 4816 -202.4151 5144 -201.6601 5473 -201.1568 5719 -202.5519 5965 -191.2769 6129 -194.2512 6293 -196.2895 6457 -194.0067 6605 -192.4893 7006 -200.5111 7107 -191.0764 7208 -198.2652 7299 -194.5229 7336 -190.3477 7382 -199.2636 7412 -192.7503 7442 -185.5656 7473 -194.0688 7503 -190.3128 7533 -199.1927 7563 -188.4084 7578 -190.613 7639 -194.0803 7669 -191.7864 7700 -196.6166 7730 -208.0685 7760 -178.6743 7790 -194.073 7821 -192.9556 7851 -202.8079 7881 -185.5502 7911 -182.7303 7942 -189.4462 8017 -188.271 8032 -193.0368 8063 -193.2165 8123 -204.2157 8183 -204.3435 8213 -196.108 8248 -205.9836 8278 -206.6568 8310 -199.4866 8340 -197.6467 8370 -193.6935 8431 -201.9661 8461 -197.0754 8491 -202.081 8522 -191.6109 8674 -188.8227 8704 -193.9938 8734 -200.5821 8765 -199.9437 8795 -205.6232 8842 -199.7165 8943 -193.5187 8994 -193.0388 9045 -186.1076 9146 -191.6029 9247 -193.944 9348 -191.0171 9449 -198.4601 9550 -194.8709 9653 -191.9858 9748 -196.7687 9847 -201.1338 10046 -191.3566 10253 -192.3835 10351 -191.9653