# Lisiecki and Raymo 2005 Global Pliocene-Pleistocene Benthic d18O Stack #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/5847 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-ocean-5847.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Paleoceanography # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/k88j-0106 # # Science_Keywords: #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/lisiecki2005/lisiecki2005-SPEC-LR04-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; SPECMAP to LR04 Age Model Conversion Data # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2005-01-01 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2024-05-01 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Lisiecki and Raymo 2005 Global Pliocene-Pleistocene Benthic d18O Stack #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Lisiecki, L.E.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7859-0096); Raymo, M.E.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7967-9105) #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Lisiecki-Raymo 2004 (LR04) Global Pliocene-Pleistocene Benthic D18O Stack. The LR04 stack spans 5.3 Myr and was constructed by graphically aligning 57 globally distributed benthic d18O records. Its age model is orbitally tuned to June 21 insolation at 65N but is also constrained by the average sedimentation rates of the 57 sites. LAST UPDATES: 8/2005 (Change number of significant digits in LR04 stack); 7/2005 (final version, 0.64 permil correction for Cibicidoides added) #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Lisiecki, L.E. and M.E. Raymo # Journal_Name: Paleoceanography # Published_Title: A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic D18O records # Published_Date_or_Year: 2005 # Volume: 20 # Pages: # Issue: 1 # Report_Number: PA1003 # DOI: 10.1029/2004PA001071 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: We present a 5.3-Myr stack (the "LR04" stack) of benthic δ18O records from 57 globally distributed sites aligned by an automated graphic correlation algorithm. This is the first benthic δ18O stack composed of more than three records to extend beyond 850 ka, and we use its improved signal quality to identify 24 new marine isotope stages in the early Pliocene. We also present a new LR04 age model for the Pliocene-Pleistocene derived from tuning the δ18O stack to a simple ice model based on 21 June insolation at 65°N. Stacked sedimentation rates provide additional age model constraints to prevent overtuning. Despite a conservative tuning strategy, the LR04 benthic stack exhibits significant coherency with insolation in the obliquity band throughout the entire 5.3 Myr and in the precession band for more than half of the record. The LR04 stack contains significantly more variance in benthic δ18O than previously published stacks of the late Pleistocene as the result of higher-resolution records, a better alignment technique, and a greater percentage of records from the Atlantic. Finally, the relative phases of the stack's 41- and 23-kyr components suggest that the precession component of δ18O from 2.7–1.6 Ma is primarily a deep-water temperature signal and that the phase of δ18O precession response changed suddenly at 1.6 Ma. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Imbrie, J., J.D. Hays, D.G. Martinson, A. McIntyre, A.C. Mix, J.J. Morley, N.G. Pisias, and W.L. Prell # Journal_Name: # Published_Title: The orbital theory of Pleistocene climate: Support from a revised chronology of the marine O18 record # Published_Date_or_Year: 1984 # Volume: # Pages: 269-305 # Issue: # Report_Number: # DOI: # Full_Citation: Imbrie, J., J.D. Hays, D.G. Martinson, A. McIntyre, A.C. Mix, J.J. Morley, N.G. Pisias, and W.L. Prell. 1984. The orbital theory of Pleistocene climate: Support from a revised chronology of the marine O18 record. Pages 269-305 in A.L. Berger, J. Imbrie, J. Hays, G. Kukla, and B. Saltzman, editors, Milankovitch and Climate, D. Reidel Publishing Company, Hingham, Massachusetts, USA. # Abstract: #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Shackleton, N.J. # Journal_Name: # Published_Title: New data on the evolution of Pliocene climate variability # Published_Date_or_Year: 1995 # Volume: # Pages: 242-248 # Issue: # Report_Number: # DOI: # Full_Citation: Shackleton, N.J. 1995. New data on the evolution of Pliocene climate variability. in Paleoclimate and Evolution, With Emphasis on Human Origins, edited by E. S. Vrba et al., pp. 242-248, Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, CT. # Abstract: #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Global # Location: Global # Northernmost_Latitude: 90.0 # Southernmost_Latitude: -90.0 # Easternmost_Longitude: 180.0 # Westernmost_Longitude: -180.0 # Elevation_m: #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Global LR04 SPECage Lisiecki2005 # First_Year: 830000 # Last_Year: 0 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: age control # Notes: Age model conversions: The following are conversions to the LR04 age model from the SPECMAP stack [Imbrie et al., 1984] #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #-------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_calkaBP_SPEC age,,,calendar kiloyear before present,,paleoceanography,,,N,SPECMAP stack age model [Imbrie et al. 1984] ## age_calkaBP age,,,calendar kiloyear before present,,paleoceanography,,,N,LR04 age #-------------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: age_calkaBP_SPEC age_calkaBP 0 3.3 1 4.2 2 5 3 5.9 4 6.7 5 7.6 6 8.4 7 9.3 8 10.1 9 11 10 11.8 11 12.7 12 13.5 13 14.4 14 15.2 15 16.1 16 16.9 17 17.8 18 18.6 19 19.5 20 20.3 21 21.2 22 22 23 22.8 24 23.7 25 24.5 26 25.4 27 26.2 28 27.1 29 27.9 30 28.8 31 29.6 32 30.6 33 31.7 34 32.8 35 33.8 36 34.9 37 36 38 37 39 38.1 40 39.1 41 40.2 42 41.3 43 42.3 44 43.4 45 44.4 46 45.5 47 46.6 48 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