# North African Dust Deposition Flux Data over the last 67,000 Years #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space # Data lines have no '#' # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/33572 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-ocean-33572.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Paleoceanography # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/mnmn-z362 # # Science_Keywords: #--------------------------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/kinsley2021/kinsley2021-gc49-dustflux.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; OC437-7-GC-49 Dust Flux Data # #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2021-06-17 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2021-06-17 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: North African Dust Deposition Flux Data over the last 67,000 Years #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Kinsley, C.W.; Bradtmiller, L.I.; McGee, D.; Galgay, M.; Stuut, J.-B.; Tjallingii, R.; Winckler, G.; deMenocal, P.B. #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Aeolian dust fluxes, biogenic component percentages, and grain size in sediment cores from 4 sites along the northwest African continental margin over the last 67,000 years # Provided Keywords: Dust, North Africa, West African monsoon, Green Sahara, Heinrich events #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Kinsley, C.W.; Bradtmiller, L.I.; McGee, D.; Galgay, M.; Stuut, J.-B.; Tjallingii, R.; Winckler, G.; deMenocal, P.B. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2022-01-01 # Published_Title: Orbital- and Millennial-Scale Variability in Northwest African Dust Emissions Over the Past 67,000 years # Journal_Name: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology # Volume: 37 # Edition: # Issue: 1 # Pages: # Report_Number: e2020PA004137 # DOI: 10.1029/2020PA004137 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Reconstructions of aeolian dust flux to West African margin sediments can be used to explore changing atmospheric circulation and hydroclimate over North Africa on millennial to orbital timescales. Here, we extend West African margin dust flux records back to 37 ka in a transect of core sites from 19°N to 27°N, and back to 67 ka at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 658C, in order to explore the interplay of orbital and high-latitude forcings on North African climate and make quantitative estimates of dust flux during the core of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The ODP 658C record shows a Green Sahara interval from 60 to 50 ka during a time of high Northern Hemisphere summer insolation, with dust fluxes similar to levels during the early Holocene African Humid Period, and an abrupt peak in flux during Heinrich event 5a (H5a). Dust fluxes increase from 50 to 35 ka while the high-latitude Northern Hemisphere cools, with peaks in dust flux associated with North Atlantic cool events. From 35 ka through the LGM dust deposition decreases in all cores, and little response is observed to low-latitude insolation changes. Dust fluxes at sites north of 20°N were near late Holocene levels during the LGM time slice, suggesting a more muted LGM response than observed in mid-latitude dust sources. Records along the northwest African margin suggest important differences in wind responses during different stadials, with maximum dust flux anomalies centered south of 20°N during H1 and north of 20°N during the Younger Dryas. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: OCE-1103262, OCE-1030784 #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: OC437-7-GC-49 # Location: North Atlantic Ocean # Northernmost_Latitude: 23.206167 # Southernmost_Latitude: 23.206167 # Easternmost_Longitude: -17.854167 # Westernmost_Longitude: -17.854167 # Elevation_m: -2303 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: OC437-7-GC-49 Dust Flux Kinsley2021 # First_Year: 36434 # Last_Year: 22839 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length_m: 3 # Parameter_Keywords: geochemistry, physical properties, radiogenic isotope # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #--------------------------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## Interval_top depth at sample end,,,centimeter,,paleoceanography,,,N,Top depth of sample interval ## Interval_bottom depth at sample start,,,centimeter,,paleoceanography,,,N,Bottom depth of sample interval ## Depth_cm depth,,,centimeter,,paleoceanography,,,N,depth in core using mid-depth of sample interval ## Age_ka age,,,calendar kiloyear before present,,paleoceanography,,,N,determined by P_Sequence routine in Oxcal 4.2 ## CaCO3_percent Calcium cabonate,sediment,,percent,,paleoceanography,,,N, ## Opal_percent silicon dioxide,sediment,,percent,,paleoceanography,,,N, ## Corg_percent Organic carbon,sediment,,percent,,paleoceanography,,,N, ## Detrital_percent mineral matter,,,percent,,paleoceanography,,,N, ## EM3_fraction grain size class,mineral matter,,fraction,,paleoceanography,,,N,Fine grain size endmember contribution to detrital fraction ## EM2_fraction grain size class,mineral matter,,fraction,,paleoceanography,,,N,Middle grain size endmember contribution to detrital fraction ## EM1_fraction grain size class,mineral matter,,fraction,,paleoceanography,,,N,Coarse grain size endmember contribution to detrital fraction ## Dust_fraction grain size class,mineral matter,,fraction,,paleoceanography,,,N,Sum of EM2 and EM1 contributions to detrital fraction ## 230Th 230Th,sediment,,disintegration per minute per gram,,paleoceanography,,isotope dilution mass spectrometry,N, ## 230Th_err 230Th,sediment,one standard deviation,disintegration per minute per gram,,paleoceanography,,,N, ## 232Th 232Th,sediment,,disintegration per minute per gram,,paleoceanography,,isotope dilution mass spectrometry,N, ## 232Th_err 232Th,sediment,one standard deviation,disintegration per minute per gram,,paleoceanography,,,N, ## 238U 238U,sediment,,disintegration per minute per gram,,paleoceanography,,isotope dilution mass spectrometry,N, ## 238U_err 238U,sediment,one standard deviation,disintegration per minute per gram,,paleoceanography,,,N, ## Sediment_flux accumulation rate,sediment,,gram per square centimeter per kiloyear,,paleoceanography,,,N,Calculated by 230Thxs normalization using detrital U/Th activity ratio of 0.7 ± 0.05 ## Sed_flux_err accumulation rate,sediment,one standard deviation,gram per square centimeter per kiloyear,,paleoceanography,,,N,Sediment flux uncertainty ## Detrital_flux mineral matter,sediment,,gram per square centimeter per kiloyear,,paleoceanography,,,N,accumulation rate calculated as sediment flux*detrital percent ## Det_flux_err mineral matter,sediment,one standard deviation,gram per square centimeter per kiloyear,,paleoceanography,,,N,Detrital flux uncertainty ## Dust_flux dust,sediment,,gram per square centimeter per kiloyear,,paleoceanography,,,N,accumulation rate calculated as sediment flux*detrital percent*dust fraction ## Dust_flux_err dust,sediment,one standard deviation,gram per square centimeter per kiloyear,,paleoceanography,,,N,Dust flux uncertainty ## CaCO3_flux calcium carbonate,sediment,,gram per square centimeter per kiloyear,,paleoceanography,,,N,accumulation rate calculated as sediment flux*CaCO3 percent ## CaCO3_flux_err calcium carbonate,sediment,one standard deviation,gram per square centimeter per kiloyear,,paleoceanography,,,N,CaCO3 flux uncertainty ## Opal_flux silicon dioxide,sediment,,gram per square centimeter per kiloyear,,paleoceanography,,,N,accumulation rate calculated as sediment flux*opal percent ## Opal_flux_err silicon dioxide,sediment,one standard deviation,gram per square centimeter per kiloyear,,paleoceanography,,,N,Opal flux uncertainty ## Corg_flux organic carbon,sediment,,gram per square centimeter per kiloyear,,paleoceanography,,,N,accumulation rate calculated as sediment flux*Corg percent ## Corg_flux_err organic carbon,sediment,one standard deviation,gram per square centimeter per kiloyear,,paleoceanography,,,N,Corg flux uncertainty #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: -999 Interval_top Interval_bottom Depth_cm Age_ka CaCO3_percent Opal_percent Corg_percent Detrital_percent EM3_fraction EM2_fraction EM1_fraction Dust_fraction 230Th 230Th_err 232Th 232Th_err 238U 238U_err Sediment_flux Sed_flux_err Detrital_flux Det_flux_err Dust_flux Dust_flux_err CaCO3_flux CaCO3_flux_err Opal_flux Opal_flux_err Corg_flux Corg_flux_err 190 191 190.5 22.84 -999 7.00 -999 44.53 -999 -999 -999 -999 4.172 0.042 0.938 0.009 4.488 0.045 1.766 0.042 0.786 0.020 0.511 0.029 0.827 0.022 0.124 0.003 0.029 0.001 200 201 200.5 23.83 -999 5.93 -999 46.92 -999 -999 -999 -999 3.888 0.039 0.904 0.009 4.621 0.046 1.996 0.052 0.936 0.026 0.637 0.036 0.914 0.026 0.118 0.003 0.028 0.001 205 206 205.5 24.27 45.25 6.87 1.25 46.63 0.30 0.14 0.56 0.70 4.028 0.040 0.986 0.010 4.685 0.047 1.934 0.052 0.902 0.026 0.631 0.036 0.875 0.025 0.133 0.004 0.024 0.001 210 211 210.5 24.74 47.68 6.96 1.58 43.78 0.31 0.21 0.48 0.69 3.768 0.038 0.795 0.008 4.426 0.044 2.022 0.050 0.885 0.023 0.611 0.035 0.964 0.026 0.141 0.004 0.032 0.001 215 216 215.5 25.21 44.28 6.86 1.32 47.54 0.29 0.19 0.52 0.71 4.083 0.041 1.133 0.011 4.177 0.042 1.872 0.054 0.890 0.027 0.632 0.037 0.829 0.025 0.128 0.004 0.025 0.001 220 221 220.5 25.69 46.78 7.28 1.24 44.71 0.31 0.24 0.45 0.69 3.840 0.038 0.965 0.010 3.972 0.040 1.958 0.053 0.875 0.025 0.604 0.035 0.916 0.026 0.142 0.004 0.024 0.001 225 226 225.5 26.16 43.30 6.77 1.58 48.35 -999 -999 -999 -999 4.391 0.044 1.122 0.011 4.826 0.048 1.767 0.050 0.854 0.026 0.592 0.035 0.765 0.023 0.120 0.004 0.028 0.001 230 231 230.5 26.64 44.14 6.24 1.58 48.04 -999 -999 -999 -999 4.234 0.042 0.896 0.009 4.523 0.045 1.747 0.042 0.839 0.022 0.585 0.033 0.771 0.020 0.109 0.003 0.028 0.001 235 236 235.5 27.11 42.06 6.69 2.42 48.82 0.30 0.28 0.42 0.70 4.700 0.047 1.014 0.010 5.117 0.051 1.597 0.040 0.780 0.021 0.546 0.031 0.672 0.018 0.107 0.003 0.039 0.001 240 241 240.5 27.59 43.72 6.26 2.02 48.00 0.28 0.22 0.50 0.72 4.125 0.041 0.949 0.009 4.271 0.043 1.806 0.046 0.867 0.024 0.624 0.036 0.790 0.022 0.113 0.003 0.036 0.001 245 246 245.5 28.06 42.51 6.66 1.51 49.32 0.28 0.23 0.49 0.72 4.205 0.042 1.046 0.010 3.973 0.040 1.738 0.046 0.857 0.024 0.617 0.035 0.739 0.021 0.116 0.003 0.026 0.001 250 251 250.5 28.53 43.44 6.73 1.79 48.04 0.29 0.24 0.47 0.71 4.038 0.040 1.022 0.010 3.971 0.040 1.849 0.051 0.888 0.026 0.631 0.037 0.803 0.023 0.124 0.004 0.033 0.001 255 256 255.5 29.00 40.55 7.42 1.08 50.95 0.29 0.17 0.54 0.71 4.139 0.041 1.135 0.011 3.905 0.039 1.809 0.053 0.922 0.028 0.654 0.038 0.733 0.023 0.134 0.004 0.019 0.001 260 261 260.5 29.47 38.08 8.55 1.86 51.51 0.31 0.20 0.49 0.69 4.180 0.042 1.096 0.011 4.159 0.042 1.816 0.052 0.935 0.028 0.645 0.038 0.692 0.021 0.155 0.005 0.034 0.001 265 266 265.5 29.94 43.08 6.69 1.52 48.70 0.27 0.26 0.47 0.73 4.074 0.041 1.044 0.010 3.911 0.039 1.828 0.051 0.890 0.026 0.650 0.038 0.788 0.023 0.122 0.004 0.028 0.001 270 271 270.5 30.40 46.81 7.51 0.91 44.77 0.28 0.24 0.48 0.72 3.809 0.038 0.945 0.009 4.016 0.040 2.032 0.058 0.910 0.028 0.655 0.038 0.951 0.029 0.153 0.005 0.019 0.001 275 276 275.5 30.85 46.72 5.80 1.83 45.65 0.26 0.29 0.45 0.74 4.122 0.041 0.991 0.010 4.580 0.046 1.921 0.056 0.877 0.027 0.649 0.038 0.897 0.027 0.111 0.003 0.035 0.001 280 281 280.5 31.29 46.64 6.20 2.46 44.70 0.26 0.28 0.46 0.74 4.009 0.040 0.954 0.010 4.309 0.043 1.939 0.055 0.867 0.026 0.641 0.037 0.905 0.027 0.120 0.004 0.048 0.001 285 286 285.5 31.80 47.09 6.02 2.43 44.46 0.27 0.33 0.40 0.73 4.014 0.040 0.923 0.009 4.187 0.042 1.897 0.052 0.844 0.025 0.616 0.036 0.893 0.026 0.114 0.003 0.046 0.001 290 291 290.5 32.32 47.48 6.28 2.19 44.05 0.28 0.36 0.36 0.72 3.774 0.038 0.907 0.009 4.051 0.041 2.071 0.060 0.912 0.028 0.657 0.039 0.983 0.030 0.130 0.004 0.045 0.001 295 296 295.5 32.84 48.12 5.88 2.35 43.65 0.26 0.32 0.42 0.74 3.837 0.038 0.977 0.010 4.377 0.044 2.142 0.068 0.935 0.031 0.692 0.042 1.031 0.034 0.126 0.004 0.050 0.002 300 301 300.5 33.36 46.25 5.85 2.19 45.71 0.27 0.27 0.46 0.73 4.005 0.040 1.010 0.010 4.307 0.043 1.980 0.061 0.905 0.029 0.661 0.039 0.916 0.029 0.116 0.004 0.043 0.001 305 306 305.5 33.88 45.69 6.31 2.23 45.77 0.29 0.30 0.41 0.71 3.873 0.039 1.002 0.010 4.384 0.044 2.130 0.069 0.975 0.033 0.692 0.042 0.973 0.033 0.134 0.005 0.047 0.002 310 311 310.5 34.39 47.75 6.21 2.69 43.36 0.30 0.31 0.39 0.70 3.938 0.039 0.919 0.009 4.543 0.045 2.076 0.064 0.900 0.029 0.630 0.037 0.991 0.032 0.129 0.004 0.056 0.002 315 316 315.5 34.90 48.23 6.31 2.29 43.17 0.29 0.33 0.38 0.71 4.012 0.040 0.939 0.009 4.332 0.043 1.958 0.058 0.845 0.026 0.600 0.035 0.945 0.029 0.124 0.004 0.045 0.001 320 321 320.5 35.42 45.29 6.80 1.98 45.93 -999 -999 -999 -999 3.649 0.036 0.988 0.010 3.591 0.036 2.109 0.067 0.968 0.032 0.688 0.041 0.955 0.032 0.143 0.005 0.042 0.001 325 326 325.5 35.93 45.58 7.30 1.92 45.20 0.29 0.31 0.40 0.71 3.434 0.034 1.199 0.012 3.316 0.033 2.378 0.096 1.075 0.045 0.763 0.050 1.084 0.045 0.174 0.007 0.046 0.002 330 331 330.5 36.43 42.83 6.81 2.52 47.84 0.28 0.32 0.40 0.72 3.499 0.035 0.905 0.009 3.389 0.034 2.163 0.066 1.035 0.033 0.745 0.044 0.926 0.030 0.147 0.005 0.055 0.002