Eastern Tropical Pacific ME0005A-24JC Deglacial Alkenone SST Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Eastern Tropical Pacific ME0005A-24JC Deglacial Alkenone SST Data LAST UPDATE: 12/2008 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Markus Kienast, Dalhousie University IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2008-121 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Kienast, M., et al. 2008. Eastern Tropical Pacific ME0005A-24JC Deglacial Alkenone SST Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2008-121. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Kienast, M., S.S. Kienast, S.E. Calvert, T.I. Eglinton, G. Mollenhauer, R. François, and A.C. Mix. 2006. Eastern Pacific cooling and Atlantic overturning circulation during the last deglaciation. Nature, Vol. 443, pp. 846 - 849, 19 October 2006. doi:10.1038/nature05222 ABSTRACT: Surface ocean conditions in the equatorial Pacific Ocean could hold the clue to whether millennial-scale global climate change during glacial times was initiated through tropical ocean-atmosphere feedbacks or by changes in the Atlantic thermohaline circulation. North Atlantic cold periods during Heinrich events and millennial- scale cold events (stadials) have been linked with climatic changes in the tropical Atlantic Ocean and South America, as well as the Indian and East Asian monsoon systems, but not with tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures. Here we present a high-resolution record of sea surface temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific derived from alkenone unsaturation measurements. Our data show a temperature drop of 1ºC, synchronous (within dating uncertainties) with the shutdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during Heinrich event 1, and a smaller temperature drop of 0.5ºC synchronous with the smaller reduction in the overturning circulation during the Younger Dryas event. Both cold events coincide with maxima in surface ocean productivity as inferred from 230Th-normalized carbon burial fluxes, suggesting increased upwelling at the time. From the concurrence of equatorial Pacific cooling with the two North Atlantic cold periods during deglaciation, we conclude that these millennial- scale climate changes were probably driven by a reorganization of the oceans' thermohaline circulation, although possibly amplified by tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction as suggested before. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Eastern Tropical Pacific PERIOD OF RECORD: 36 KYRBP - present FUNDING SOURCES: Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences (CFCAS), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada, US National Science Foundation (NSF), WHOI postdoctoral fellowship programme (M.K. and G.M.), and a fellowship of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIAR; M.K.). DESCRIPTION: High resolution (centennial scale) sea surface temperature estimates for the eastern equatorial Pacific over the glacial–interglacial transition, based on alkenone unsaturation data from marine sediments. Core ME0005A-24JC: 0º1.3'N, 86º27.8'W, 2941m depth. DATA: 1. Core ME0005A-24JC Alkenone Sea Surface Temperature estimates Column 1: Depth (cm) Column 2: Age (kyrs BP) Column 3: UK'37 Column 4: UK37' SST (°C; Prahl 1988 equation) Depth Age UK'37 SST 5 2.09 0.886 24.9 8 2.50 0.881 24.8 12 3.04 0.897 25.2 15 3.45 0.874 24.6 18 3.86 0.866 24.3 22 4.41 0.869 24.4 25 4.75 0.873 24.5 32 5.54 0.878 24.7 35 5.88 0.859 24.1 38 6.22 0.856 24.0 45 6.97 0.861 24.2 52 7.72 0.854 24.0 55 8.04 0.841 23.6 58 8.33 0.840 23.5 65 9.00 0.837 23.5 72 9.61 0.836 23.5 75 9.84 0.841 23.6 78 10.03 0.823 23.1 92 10.66 0.835 23.4 98 10.84 0.830 23.3 105 11.05 0.830 23.3 112 11.26 0.825 23.1 115 11.35 0.805 22.5 118 11.44 0.817 22.9 122 11.56 0.817 22.9 125 11.65 0.833 23.4 128 11.74 0.817 22.9 132 11.86 0.809 22.6 135 11.95 0.769 21.5 138 12.04 0.816 22.8 142 12.16 0.796 22.3 145 12.25 0.797 22.3 148 12.34 0.802 22.4 152 12.46 0.803 22.5 155 12.55 0.804 22.5 158 12.65 0.806 22.5 162 12.78 0.803 22.5 165 12.88 0.801 22.4 168 12.98 0.809 22.6 172 13.11 0.812 22.7 175 13.21 0.813 22.8 178 13.31 0.812 22.7 182 13.45 0.815 22.8 185 13.55 0.818 22.9 188 13.66 0.813 22.8 192 13.84 0.822 23.0 195 13.97 0.813 22.8 198 14.10 0.813 22.8 202 14.25 0.815 22.8 205 14.37 0.805 22.5 208 14.50 0.802 22.4 212 14.67 0.781 21.8 215 14.80 0.791 22.1 218 14.95 0.782 21.9 222 15.14 0.784 21.9 232 15.64 0.779 21.8 235 15.79 0.767 21.4 238 15.94 0.770 21.5 242 16.15 0.780 21.8 245 16.32 0.765 21.4 248 16.49 0.791 22.1 252 16.71 0.792 22.1 255 16.87 0.796 22.3 258 17.00 0.802 22.4 262 17.16 0.795 22.2 265 17.29 0.797 22.3 268 17.42 0.807 22.6 272 17.59 0.801 22.4 278 17.89 0.813 22.8 282 18.09 0.812 22.7 285 18.28 0.813 22.8 288 18.44 0.811 22.7 292 18.66 0.795 22.2 295 18.85 0.813 22.8 298 19.00 0.829 23.2 302 19.23 0.816 22.8 305 19.41 0.833 23.4 308 19.56 0.820 23.0 312 19.92 0.809 22.6 315 20.25 0.817 22.9 318 20.61 0.820 23.0 322 21.10 0.814 22.8 325 21.46 0.810 22.7 328 21.83 0.813 22.8 332 22.15 0.826 23.1 335 22.35 0.839 23.5 338 22.55 0.817 22.9 342 22.82 0.819 23.0 345 23.02 0.816 22.8 348 23.22 0.825 23.1 352 23.49 0.819 22.9 355 23.72 0.825 23.1 358 23.96 0.827 23.2 362 24.23 0.834 23.4 365 24.44 0.827 23.2 372 25.01 0.803 22.5 378 25.49 0.795 22.2 385 26.06 0.810 22.7 392 26.62 0.799 22.4 398 27.10 0.803 22.5 405 27.67 0.806 22.5 412 28.23 0.835 23.4 419 28.79 0.818 22.9 425 29.20 0.819 22.9 432 29.73 0.813 22.8 445 31.20 0.827 23.2 452 32.13 0.827 23.2 458 33.00 0.843 23.6 465 33.47 0.837 23.5 472 33.93 0.829 23.2 478 34.33 0.832 23.3 485 34.80 0.830 23.3 492 35.22 0.839 23.5 498 35.60 0.840 23.6 2. Core ME0005A-24JC Organic Carbon Column 1: Depth (cm) Column 2: Age (kyrs BP) Column 3: Organic Carbon (Corg, %) Depth Age Corg 0.5 1.48 1.1 1.5 1.61 1.4 3.5 1.89 1.4 4.5 2.02 1.1 7.5 2.43 1.8 11.5 2.97 1.5 14.5 3.38 1.2 17.5 3.79 1.1 21.5 4.34 1.4 24.5 4.69 1.5 27.5 5.03 1.2 31.5 5.48 1.3 34.5 5.82 0.9 37.5 6.16 1.3 41.5 6.60 1.0 44.5 6.92 1.2 47.5 7.23 1.2 51.5 7.66 1.0 54.5 7.99 1.2 57.5 8.28 1.8 61.5 8.67 1.3 64.5 8.95 2.1 67.5 9.21 1.5 71.5 9.56 1.7 74.5 9.81 1.8 77.5 9.99 2.4 81.5 10.24 1.2 84.5 10.41 2.4 87.5 10.51 1.7 91.5 10.64 1.9 94.5 10.74 1.8 97.5 10.83 1.8 101.5 10.95 1.6 104.5 11.04 2.1 107.5 11.13 2.2 111.5 11.25 2.1 114.5 11.34 2.5 117.5 11.43 2.0 121.5 11.55 2.0 124.5 11.64 2.1 127.5 11.73 2.5 131.5 11.85 2.1 134.5 11.94 2.3 137.5 12.03 2.0 141.5 12.15 2.4 144.5 12.24 1.6 147.5 12.33 1.7 151.5 12.45 1.8 154.5 12.54 2.3 157.5 12.64 2.0 161.5 12.77 2.0 164.5 12.86 1.6 167.5 12.96 2.0 171.5 13.09 1.8 174.5 13.19 1.5 177.5 13.29 1.8 181.5 13.43 2.1 184.5 13.54 1.6 187.5 13.64 1.6 191.5 13.81 1.8 194.5 13.95 2.2 197.5 14.08 2.1 201.5 14.23 2.5 204.5 14.35 1.9 207.5 14.47 2.9 211.5 14.65 2.4 214.5 14.78 2.9 217.5 14.92 2.4 221.5 15.12 2.2 224.5 15.27 2.8 227.5 15.42 3.6 231.5 15.61 3.4 234.5 15.76 3.7 237.5 15.91 3.9 241.5 16.12 3.4 244.5 16.29 3.4 247.5 16.46 3.2 251.5 16.69 3.1 254.5 16.85 3.2 257.5 16.98 3.0 261.5 17.14 2.7 264.5 17.27 3.0 267.5 17.40 3.1 271.5 17.56 3.0 274.5 17.71 2.8 277.5 17.86 2.5 281.5 18.07 3.1 284.5 18.25 2.5 287.5 18.42 2.4 291.5 18.63 2.8 294.5 18.82 2.7 297.5 18.98 2.6 301.5 19.20 2.8 307.5 19.53 2.9 311.5 19.87 3.3 314.5 20.19 2.8 317.5 20.55 3.0 321.5 21.04 2.7 324.5 21.40 2.4 327.5 21.77 2.5 331.5 22.12 2.4 334.5 22.32 2.5 337.5 22.52 2.3 341.5 22.79 2.3 344.5 22.99 2.3 347.5 23.19 2.4 351.5 23.46 2.1 354.5 23.68 1.6 357.5 23.92 1.9 361.5 24.20 1.6 364.5 24.40 1.8 367.5 24.65 1.9 371.5 24.97 2.2 374.5 25.21 2.3 377.5 25.45 2.2 381.5 25.77 2.4 384.5 26.01 2.5 387.5 26.26 2.6 391.5 26.58 2.4 394.5 26.82 2.3 397.5 27.06 1.8 401.5 27.38 1.7 404.5 27.62 1.7 407.5 27.87 1.9 411.5 28.19 1.7 414.5 28.43 2.0 417.5 28.67 1.9 421.5 28.96 2.3 424.5 29.16 2.1 427.5 29.40 2.1 431.5 29.70 2.4 434.5 29.90 1.9 437.5 30.19 2.1 441.5 30.69 2.1 444.5 31.13 2.1 447.5 31.56 1.7 451.5 32.06 1.7 454.5 32.48 1.8 457.5 32.93 2.3 461.5 33.23 1.4 464.5 33.43 1.5 467.5 33.63 1.7 471.5 33.90 1.6 474.5 34.10 1.3 477.5 34.30 1.4 481.5 34.57 1.2 484.5 34.77 1.4 487.5 34.97 1.1 491.5 35.19 1.2 494.5 35.37 1.1 497.5 35.57 1.0 501.5 35.81 1.0 504.5 35.97 1.1 507.5 36.04 1.2 511.5 36.11 1.2 521.5 36.25 1.0 3. Core ME0005A-24JC Organic Carbon Flux Column 1: Depth (cm) Column 2: Age (kyrs BP) Column 3: Organic Carbon Flux (FvCorg, gm-2yr-1) Depth Age FvCorg 4.5 2.02 0.1 21.5 4.34 0.15 37.5 6.16 0.15 51.5 7.66 0.11 57.5 8.28 0.24 81.5 10.24 0.15 101.5 10.95 0.24 114.5 11.34 0.46 134.5 11.94 0.39 141.5 12.15 0.41 167.5 12.96 0.34 181.5 13.43 0.32 201.5 14.23 0.39 207.5 14.47 0.49 217.5 14.92 0.45 231.5 15.61 0.63 251.5 16.69 0.48 271.5 17.56 0.45 284.5 18.25 0.39 301.5 19.20 0.36 324.5 21.40 0.32 351.5 23.46 0.27 374.5 25.21 0.31 397.5 27.06 0.37 427.5 29.40 0.28 464.5 33.43 0.2 501.5 35.81 0.14