Emerald Basin MC-29D 1600 Year Multiproxy Sediment Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Emerald Basin MC-29D 1600 Year Multiproxy Sediment Data LAST UPDATE: 4/2011 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Keigwin, L.D., J.P. Sachs, and Y. Rosenthal. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2011-049 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Keigwin, L.D., et al. 2011. Emerald Basin MC-29D 1600 Year Multiproxy Sediment Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2011-049. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Keigwin, L.D., J.P. Sachs, and Y. Rosenthal. 2003. A 1600-year history of the Labrador Current off Nova Scotia. Climate Dynamics, Vol. 21, pp. 53-62. DOI: 10.1007/s00382-003-0316-6 ABSTRACT: A multicore from Emerald Basin, on the continental margin off Nova Scotia, has a modern 14C age at the top, and other 14C dates indicate a linear sedimentation rate of ~30 cm/ka to 1600 calendar years BP. This rate is great enough to record century-to-millennial scale changes in the surface and deep (~250 m) waters in the basin that are influenced by the Labrador Current. We applied five proxies for seawater temperature changes to the sediments of Emerald Basin, including the percent abundance and the oxygen isotope ratio (d18O) of the polar planktonic foraminifer N. pachyderma (s.), the unsaturation ratio of alkenones (Uk'37) produced by prymnesiophyte phytoplankton, and the d18O and Mg/Ca of benthic foraminifera. All five proxies indicate the ocean warmed suddenly sometime in the past 150 years or so. The exact timing of this event is uncertain because 14C dating is inaccurate in recent centuries, but this abrupt warming probably correlates with widespread evidence for warming in the Arctic in the nineteenth century. Because the Canadian Archipelago is one of the two main sources for the Labrador Current, warming and melting of ice caps in that region may have affected Labrador Current properties. Before this recent warming, sea surface temperature was continually lower by 1-2°C, and bottom water was colder by about 6°C in Emerald Basin. These results suggest that there was no Medieval Warm Period in the coastal waters off Nova Scotia. Because there is also no evidence of medieval warming in the Canadian archipelago, it seems likely that coastal waters from Baffin Bay to at least as far south as Nova Scotia were continually cold for ~1500 of the past 1600 years. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Western North Atlantic PERIOD OF RECORD: 1600 YrBP - present FUNDING SOURCE: US National Science Foundation (OCE9709686 and OCE9819675), MIT Wade Fund and Doherty Professorship. DESCRIPTION: High resolution multiproxy sediment data from Emerald Basin, offshore Nova Scotia, Canada covering the last 1600 years. Core MC-29: 45°53.1003'N, 62°47.7009'W, 250m water depth. DATA: 1. Keigwin and Pickart 2003 Table 1. Radiocarbon results on foraminifera from OCE326 MC-29D, Emerald Basin Column 1: Depth Interval (cm) Column 2: Depth (cm) Column 3: Species Column 4: Accession # Column 5: Conventional 14C age Column 6: Error, 1 sigma Column 7: Reservoir Corrected Age Column 8: Calendar Age, Years Before Present Column 9: 1 sigma age range DepthInt. Depth Species Accession# 14Cage Error CorrAge Cal.Age 1s age range 0-1 0.5 mixed BF OS-20560 375 30 0 0 12-13 12.5 mixed PF OS-27370 255 60 0 0 14-15 14.5 mixed PF OS-27369 375 60 0 0 16-17 16.5 mixed PF OS-27393 505 120 105 127 275 to 0 29-30 29.5 mixed PF OS-27372 960 70 560 540 619 to 504 49-50 49.5 mixed PF OS-25803 2040 60 1640 1599 1686 to 1527 2. Keigwin et al. 2003 Emerald Basin MC-29D Data Column 1: Depth (cm) Column 2: Calendar Age, Years Before Present Column 3: Alkenone SST Column 4: Alkenone, ng/g Column 5: Average d18O, C. lobatulus Column 6: Average d13C, C. lobatulus Column 7: % N. pachyderma s. Column 8: d18O N. pachy derma s. Column 9: d13C N. pachy derma s. Column 10: Average Mg/Ca C. lobatulus Column 11: Mg/Ca C.pachyderma Column 12: Cibicidoides Temperature Depth CalAge alkSST [Alk] d18O-C.lob d13C-C.lob %Npac d18ONpac d13CNpac Mg/Calob Mg/Capac CibTemp 0.5 0 8.84 2526.15 1.05 -0.23 23 0.98 0.61 2.989 11.02 1.5 7.94 8.6 2214.68 1.11 -0.07 15 3.45 2.462 10.78 2.5 15.88 9.32 1389.83 1.11 -0.36 17 1.30 0.47 2.842 3.13 11 3.5 23.81 9.99 1061.95 1.23 0.24 22 1.35 0.64 1.656 5.39 4.5 31.75 9.78 1053.21 1.02 -0.41 20 1.12 0.64 1.685 5.56 5.5 39.69 9.88 1228.9 1.34 0.62 21 1.48 0.75 1.637 5.28 6.5 47.62 10.06 1033.91 1.11 -0.46 14 1.31 0.82 1.515 4.54 7.5 55.56 9.73 1189.29 1.45 0.59 26 1.29 0.72 1.655 5.39 8.5 63.5 9.98 1101.05 1.78 0.44 28 1.17 0.68 1.608 5.11 9.5 71.44 9.36 2339 1.34 0.63 32 1.39 0.69 1.582 4.96 10.5 79.38 8.43 3497.71 1.65 0.30 34 1.30 0.65 1.737 5.85 11.5 87.31 8.37 2879.12 1.59 0.71 22 0.79 0.86 1.831 6.35 12.5 95.25 8.37 3487.43 1.27 0.41 21 1.08 0.47 13.5 103.19 8.38 3161.08 1.77 0.49 32 1.44 0.76 1.576 4.92 14.5 111.12 8.29 3173.73 1.39 0.46 29 1.56 0.74 1.61 5.13 15.5 119.06 8.81 2711.78 1.71 0.48 34 1.44 0.51 1.468 4.24 16.5 127 8.49 2467.85 1.80 0.67 32 1.55 0.96 1.437 4.04 17.5 158.77 8.7 3348.57 1.78 0.41 32 1.15 0.64 1.352 3.46 18.5 190.54 8.52 3222.41 1.50 0.37 1.627 5.22 19.5 222.31 8.58 2063.4 1.61 0.30 30 1.50 0.67 1.71 5.7 20.5 254.08 8.87 1996.8 1.53 0.18 40 1.50 0.48 1.507 4.5 21.5 285.85 9.04 1970.36 1.74 0.63 37 1.52 0.89 1.455 4.16 22.5 317.62 8.82 3036.52 1.46 0.48 39 1.40 0.43 1.455 4.16 23.5 349.38 8.47 2137.63 1.51 0.64 38 1.52 0.38 1.487 4.37 24.5 381.15 8.74 2517.84 1.69 0.82 42 1.55 0.70 1.525 4.61 25.5 412.92 8.85 3322.2 1.64 0.56 42 1.45 0.69 1.823 6.31 26.5 444.69 8.9 2199.2 1.67 0.46 36 1.65 0.65 1.534 4.66 27.5 476.46 8.94 2810.15 1.85 0.59 29 1.27 0.54 1.832 6.36 28.5 508.23 8.83 2308.36 1.89 0.40 46 1.73 0.56 1.618 5.17 29.5 540 9.01 2619.91 1.94 0.25 41 1.22 0.41 1.694 5.59 30.5 592.95 9.08 2077.85 1.74 0.54 43 1.52 0.74 1.52 4.57 31.5 645.9 8.94 1924.8 1.64 0.66 39 1.35 0.64 1.447 4.11 32.5 698.85 8.82 1993.72 1.73 0.58 40 1.30 0.41 1.602 5.08 33.5 751.8 8.99 1862.97 1.69 0.40 38 1.47 0.80 1.412 3.88 34.5 804.75 9.1 2540.8 1.35 0.45 41 1.42 0.48 1.527 4.62 35.5 857.7 9 2088.59 1.63 0.37 39 1.53 0.58 1.668 5.46 36.5 910.65 8.85 2246.52 1.88 0.57 37 1.30 0.47 1.476 4.3 37.5 963.6 9.02 1752.87 1.90 0.38 38 1.38 0.87 1.433 4.02 38.5 1016.55 9.05 1913.13 1.93 0.44 39 1.47 0.72 1.542 4.71 39.5 1069.5 9.02 1755.18 1.55 0.61 44 1.44 1.07 1.561 4.83 40.5 1122.45 8.85 2018.4 1.54 0.66 39 1.51 1.05 1.597 5.05 41.5 1175.4 9.03 2470.96 1.51 0.84 45 1.47 1.36 1.485 4.36 42.5 1228.35 9.11 1966.36 1.72 0.08 1.718 5.74 43.5 1281.3 9.13 1888.33 1.82 0.62 1.581 4.95 44.5 1334.25 8.79 2260.67 1.93 0.49 1.665 5.45 45.5 1387.2 9.14 1915.17 1.46 0.41 1.513 4.53 46.5 1440.15 9.16 1941.23 1.54 0.51 1.616 5.16 47.5 1493.1 9.1 2183.09 1.57 0.79 1.586 4.98 48.5 1546.05 9.03 1741.43 1.57 0.77 1.434 4.02 49.5 1599 9.19 1801.81 1.36 0.42 43 1.725 5.78