# Northern Hemisphere 700 Year Temperature Reconstruction #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: http://www.hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:14749 # # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/hegerl2006/hegerl2006nh-temp.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2013-07-11 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere 700 Year Temperature Reconstruction #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Hegerl, G.C.; Crowley, T.J.; Hyde, W.T.; Frame, D.J. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: 30-90°N annual mean temperature reconstruction (CH-blend), # used with large-ensemble energy balance modelling to simulate the temperature response # to past solar, volcanic and greenhouse gas forcing, in order to determine which climate # sensitivities yield simulations that are in agreement with proxy reconstructions. # The data include the CH-blend reconstruction and 2.5% and 97.5% uncertainty ranges. # The uncertainty ranges reflect both uncertainty in the amplitude of the reconstruction, # and sampling uncertainty combined. # Forcing inputs also included in file hegerl2006forcing.txt # # Supplementary Table 1 archived here, and its heading, were replaced on 5 February 2007. # This is a corrected version of the previous Table S1, in which only the scaling uncertainty # was included; in the corrected Table S1, scaling and sampling uncertainties are also included. # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Gabriele C. Hegerl, Thomas J. Crowley, William T. Hyde, and David J. Frame # Published_Date_or_Year: 2006-04-20 # Published_Title: Climate sensitivity constrained by temperature reconstructions over the past seven centuries # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: 440 # Edition: # Issue: 7087 # Pages: 1029-1032 # DOI: 10.1038/nature04679 # Online_Resource: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v440/n7087/full/nature04679.html # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The magnitude and impact of future global warming depends on the sensitivity of the climate system to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations. The commonly accepted range for the equilibrium global mean temperature change in response to a doubling of the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, termed climate sensitivity, is 1.5-4.5 K. A number of observational studies, however, find a substantial probability of significantly higher sensitivities, yielding upper limits on climate sensitivity of 7.7 K to above 9 K. Here we demonstrate that such observational estimates of climate sensitivity can be tightened if reconstructions of Northern Hemisphere temperature over the past several centuries are considered. We use large-ensemble energy balance modelling and simulate the temperature response to past solar, volcanic and greenhouse gas forcing to determine which climate sensitivities yield simulations that are in agreement with proxy reconstructions. After accounting for the uncertainty in reconstructions and estimates of past external forcing, we find an independent estimate of climate sensitivity that is very similar to those from instrumental data. If the latter are combined with the result from all proxy reconstructions, then the 5-95 per cent range shrinks to 1.5-6.2 K, thus substantially reducing the probability of very high climate sensitivity. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US Department of Energy (DOE) # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation (NSF) # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Northern Hemisphere Extratropics # Location: Geographic Region>Northern Hemisphere # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 90.0 # Southernmost_Latitude: 30.0 # Easternmost_Longitude: 180.0 # Westernmost_Longitude: -180.0 # Elevation: m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Hegerl2006CHblend # Earliest_Year: 1505 # Most_Recent_Year: 1960 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology: # # # # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow (have no #) # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## age_AD age, , , AD, , , , ,N ## tempanom-ann surface temperature anomaly, , , degrees C, annual, , , ,N ## tempanom-ann-err+ surface temperature anomaly, , Upper 97.5th percentile, degrees C, annual, , , ,N ## tempanom-ann-err- surface temperature anomaly, , Lower 2.5th percentile, degrees C, annual, , , ,N #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: age_AD tempanom-ann tempanom-ann-err+ tempanom-ann-err- 1505.0 -0.1500 0.0821 -0.4664 1506.0 -0.1700 0.0704 -0.4988 1507.0 -0.1700 0.0704 -0.4988 1508.0 -0.1800 0.0645 -0.5149 1509.0 -0.1700 0.0704 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0.3200 0.7412 0.0174 1939.0 0.3200 0.7412 0.0174 1940.0 0.3300 0.7573 0.0232 1941.0 0.3600 0.8058 0.0408 1942.0 0.3700 0.8220 0.0466 1943.0 0.4100 0.8866 0.0700 1944.0 0.3700 0.8220 0.0466 1945.0 0.3600 0.8058 0.0408 1946.0 0.3600 0.8058 0.0408 1947.0 0.3400 0.7735 0.0291 1948.0 0.3500 0.7897 0.0349 1949.0 0.3400 0.7735 0.0291 1950.0 0.3400 0.7735 0.0291 1951.0 0.3000 0.7089 0.0057 1952.0 0.2800 0.6765 -0.0060 1953.0 0.2700 0.6604 -0.0119 1954.0 0.2800 0.6765 -0.0060 1955.0 0.3200 0.7412 0.0174 1956.0 0.3300 0.7573 0.0232 1957.0 0.3500 0.7897 0.0349 1958.0 0.3400 0.7735 0.0291 1959.0 0.3400 0.7735 0.0291 1960.0 0.3200 0.7412 0.0174