# Foraminifer trace element data and experimental seawater properties from culture experiments on O. universa grown in "Paleocene" seawater chemistry #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22930 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleocean/by_contributor/haynes2017/haynes2017-calib.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # # Archive: Paleoceanography # # Parameter_Keywords: trace metals in carbonates #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2017-10-27 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2017-10-27 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Foraminifer trace element data and experimental seawater properties from culture experiments on O. universa grown in "Paleocene" seawater chemistry #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Haynes, Laura; Hönisch, Bärbel; Dyez, K.; Holland, K.; Rosenthal, Y.; Fish, C.; Subhas, A.; Rae, J.W.B #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: This data set comprises the parameters and data from culture experiments in the planktic foraminifer Orbulina universa. Foraminiferal B/Ca and Mg/Ca, seawater trace element concentrations, and seawater carbonate chemistry parameters are reported. We also report estimated net lifetime growth rates, calculated from foraminiferal size, weight, and duration of life. These are not measured quantities and do not reflect instantaneous shell growth rate. Measurement precision- temperature: 0.1 degrees C, salinity: 0.1 PSU. # Provided Keywords: B/Ca, Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, Orbulina universa, culture calibrations #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Haynes, L.L., B. Hönisch, K.A. Dyez, K. Holland, Y. Rosenthal, C.R. Fish, A.V. Subhas, and J.W.B. Rae # Published_Date_or_Year: 2017 # Published_Title: Calibration of the B/Ca proxy in the planktic foraminifer Orbulina universa to Paleocene seawater conditions # Journal_Name: Paleoceanography # Volume: 32 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 580-599 # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1002/2016PA003069 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The B/Ca ratio of planktic foraminiferal calcite, a proxy for the surface ocean carbonate system, displays large negative excursions during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, 55.9 Ma), consistent with rapid ocean acidification at that time. However, the B/Ca excursion measured at the PETM exceeds a magnitude that modern pH calibrations can explain. Numerous other controls on the proxy have been suggested, including foraminiferal growth rate and the total concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Here we present new calibrations for B/Ca versus the combined effects of pH and DIC in the symbiont-bearing planktic foraminifer Orbulina universa, grown in culture solutions with simulated Paleocene seawater elemental composition (high [Ca], low [Mg], and low total boron concentration ([B]T). We also investigate the isolated effects of low seawater [B]T, high [Ca], reduced symbiont photosynthetic activity, and average shell growth rate on O. universa B/Ca in order to further understand the proxy systematics and to determine other possible influences on the PETM records. We find that average shell growth rate does not appear to determine B/Ca in high calcite saturation experiments. In addition, our “Paleocene” calibration shows higher sensitivity than the modern calibration at low [B(OH)4-]/DIC. Given a large DIC pulse at the PETM, this amplification of the B/Ca response can more fully explain the PETM B/Ca excursion. However, further calibrations with other foraminifer species are needed to determine the range of foraminifer species-specific proxy sensitivities under these conditions for quantitative reconstruction of large carbon cycle perturbations. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: OCE12-32987 #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Global Oceans # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 90 # Southernmost_Latitude: -90 # Easternmost_Longitude: 180 # Westernmost_Longitude: -180 # Elevation: #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: O. universa calibration Haynes2017 # First_Year: # Last_Year: # Time_Unit: # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## Avgsize diameter,Orbulina universa,,µm,,paleoceanography,,,N,Average foraminifer diameter; Nikon microscope ## SizeRange size range,Orbulina universa,,µm,,paleoceanography,,,C,Experimental Size range; Nikon microscope ## AvgWt Average foraminifer weight,Orbulina universa,,µg,,paleoceanography,,,N,Average foraminifer weight; Microabalance ## GroRate-1 growth rate,Orbulina universa,,µg/day,,paleoceanography,,,N,Calculated net growth rate; calculated net rate- not measured or instantaneous ## GroRate-1_1s growth rate,Orbulina universa,one standard deviation,µg/day,,paleoceanography,,,N,Calculated net growth rate; calculated net rate- not measured or instantaneous ## GroRate-2 growth rate,Orbulina universa,,log10 mol/m2/s,,paleoceanography,,,N,Calculated net growth rate; calculated net rate- not measured or instantaneous ## Nexp/Ntot samples used,Orbulina universa,,none,,paleoceanography,,,C,Number of individuals included in growth rate estimate/ total number of individuals in experiment ## Temp Temperature,seawater,,degree Celsius,,instrumental,,,N,Hobo TidBit ## Sal Salinity,seawater,,PSU,,instrumental,,,N,conductivity probe ## pH pH,seawater,2s,Total Scale,,instrumental,,,N,metrohm titrator ## pH_2s pH,seawater,two standard deviations,Total Scale,,instrumental,,,N,metrohm titrator ## Alkalinity Alkalinity ,seawater,2s,µmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,,N,metrohm titrator ## Alkalinity_2s Alkalinity ,seawater,two standard deviations,µmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,,N,metrohm titrator ## DIC Dissolved Inoranic Carbon,seawater,2s,µmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,,N,Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Concentration; calculated in Co2sys.m ## DIC_2s Dissolved Inoranic Carbon,seawater,two standard deviations,µmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,,N,Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Concentration; calculated in Co2sys.m ## HCO3- Bicarbonate Ion,seawater,2s,µmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,,N,Bicarbonate Ion Concentration; calculated in Co2sys.m ## HCO3-_2s Bicarbonate Ion,seawater,two standard deviations,µmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,,N,Bicarbonate Ion Concentration; calculated in Co2sys.m ## CO32- Carbonate Ion Concentration,seawater,2s,µmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,,N,Carbonate Ion Concentration; calculated in Co2sys.m ## CO32-_2s Carbonate Ion Concentration,seawater,two standard deviations,µmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,,N,Carbonate Ion Concentration; calculated in Co2sys.m ## B(OH)4- Borate Ion Concentration,seawater,2s,µmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,,N,Borate Ion Concentration; calculated in Co2sys.m ## B(OH)4-_2s Borate Ion Concentration,seawater,two standard deviations,µmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,,N,Borate Ion Concentration; calculated in Co2sys.m ## OmCalcite Calcite Saturation State,seawater,2s,Unitless,,paleoceanography,,,N,Calcite Saturation State; calculated in Co2sys.m ## OmCalcite_2s Calcite Saturation State,seawater,two standard deviations,Unitless,,paleoceanography,,,N,Calcite Saturation State; calculated in Co2sys.m ## B(OH)4-/DIC Borate ion/Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Ratio,seawater,,Unitless,,paleoceanography,,,N,Borate ion/Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Ratio ## B/Ca/BT/DIC B/Ca over B/Dissolved Inorganic Carbon,seawater,,µmol/mol / µmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,,N,Measured foram B/Ca over total seawater [B]/Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ratio (defined KD value) ## Btot boron,seawater,,µmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry,N,Total boron concentraion ## Ca calcium,seawater,,mmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry,N,Total calcium concentration ## Mg magnesium,seawater,,mmol/kg,,paleoceanography,,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry,N,Total magnesium concentration ## B/Ca-O.univer Boron/Calcium,Orbulina universa,,µmol/mol,,paleoceanography,,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N, ## B/Ca-O.univer_2s Boron/Calcium,Orbulina universa,two standard deviations,µmol/mol,,paleoceanography,,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N, ## B/Ca-O.univer-SC Boron/Calcium Ratio corrected for salinity,Orbulina universa,,µmol/mol,,paleoceanography,,,N,corrected for salinity ## Mg/Ca-O.univer Magnesium/Calcium,Orbulina universa,,mmol/mol,,paleoceanography,,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N, ## Mg/Ca-O.univer_2s Magnesium/Calcium,Orbulina universa,two standard deviations,mmol/mol,,paleoceanography,,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N, ## PAR Photosynthetically active radiation,tank,,µmol photons /m2/s,,paleoceanography,,light meter,N,Photosynthetically active radiation #------------------------ # Data # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Value: -999 Avgsize SizeRange AvgWt GroRate-1 GroRate-1_1s GroRate-2 Nexp/Ntot Temp Sal pH pH_2s Alkalinity Alkalinity_2s DIC DIC_2s HCO3- HCO3-_2s CO32- CO32-_2s B(OH)4- B(OH)4-_2s OmCalcite OmCalcite_2s B(OH)4-/DIC B/Ca/BT/DIC Btot Ca Mg B/Ca-O.univer B/Ca-O.univer_2s B/Ca-O.univer-SC Mg/Ca-O.univer Mg/Ca-O.univer_2s PAR PAR LH3a 812 798-836 109 5.4 2.8 -8.8 3 of 3 21.9 33.1 7.75 0.06 1069 22 998 25 942 26 42 6 39.7 6 2.3 0.3 0.0398 0.2455 367 18.5 28.2 90.4 6.0 -999 -999 -999 291 LH3b 535 365-612 28 4.8 1.4 -8.6 13 of 15 21.9 33.1 7.75 0.06 1069 22 998 25 942 26 42 6 39.7 6 2.3 0.3 0.0398 0.2319 367 18.5 28.2 85.4 5.6 -999 -999 -999 291 LH2a 564 451-622 46 7.9 2.2 -8.5 15 of 15 21.6 33.1 7.84 0.058 2197 14 2063 28 1935 39 107 14 46.7 6 5.8 0.8 0.0226 0.2526 361 18.9 28.2 44.2 2.9 -999 -999 -999 291 LH2b 564 451-622 46 7.9 2.2 -8.5 15 of 15 21.6 33.1 7.84 0.058 2197 14 2063 28 1935 39 107 14 46.7 6 5.8 0.8 0.0226 0.3001 361 18.9 28.2 52.6 3.5 -999 -999 -999 291 LH4a 562 414-703 53 6.8 1.7 -8.5 13 of 14 21.9 33.2 7.78 0.044 3143 30 2998 36 2824 43 137 15 42.3 5 7.3 0.8 0.0141 0.4072 367 18.6 28.8 49.9 3.3 -999 -999 -999 291 LH4b 562 414-703 53 6.8 1.7 -8.5 13 of 14 21.9 33.2 7.78 0.044 3143 30 2998 36 2824 43 137 15 42.3 5 7.3 0.8 0.0141 0.4068 367 18.6 28.8 49.8 3.3 -999 -999 -999 291 LH5a 581 475-664 67 7.8 3.3 -8.5 15 of 15 21.6 33.2 7.81 0.06 4156 96 3970 99 3736 105 187 28 43.0 6 9.9 1.5 0.0108 0.4031 359 18.2 27.9 36.4 2.4 -999 -999 -999 291 LH5b 581 475-664 67 7.8 3.3 -8.5 15 of 15 21.6 33.2 7.81 0.06 4156 96 3970 99 3736 105 187 28 43.0 6 9.9 1.5 0.0108 0.4948 359 18.2 27.9 44.7 2.9 -999 -999 -999 291 LH5c 581 475-664 67 7.8 3.3 -8.5 15 of 15 21.6 33.2 7.81 0.06 4156 96 3970 99 3736 105 187 28 43.0 6 9.9 1.5 0.0108 0.4988 359 18.2 27.9 45.1 3.0 -999 -999 -999 291 LH6 513 400-654 33 7.0 1.8 -8.5 10 of 11 21.6 33.2 7.53 0.042 2031 40 2000 42 1905 41 57 6 24.1 3 2.7 0.3 0.0120 0.2691 359 18.3 28.1 48.3 3.2 -999 -999 -999 291 LH7 489 373-551 36 6.5 1.2 -8.4 4 of 9 21.9 33.3 7.89 0.034 2156 14 2005 20 1871 26 129 9 51.8 4 6.1 0.5 0.0258 0.3443 365 18.6 28.5 62.6 4.1 -999 -999 -999 291 LH11a 572 556-593 42 8.8 2.1 -8.4 5 of 5 21.6 33.1 8.24 0.0158 2371 30 2034 30 1786 20 267 16 97.3 3 12.8 0.5 0.0478 0.4158 364 18.4 28.3 74.3 4.9 -999 -999 -999 291 LH11b 542 517-556 43 9.3 0.7 -8.3 5 of 5 21.6 33.1 8.24 0.0158 2371 30 2034 30 1786 20 267 16 97.0 3 12.8 0.5 0.0478 0.3949 364 18.4 28.3 70.6 4.7 -999 -999 -999 291 LH8 522 404-621 41 8.1 2.1 -8.4 14 of 17 21.6 33.1 7.54 0.056 3035 26 3000 33 2859 35 88 11 23.6 3 4.0 0.6 0.0079 0.3766 348 17.7 27.3 43.7 2.9 -999 -999 -999 291 LH9a 855 844-865 190 6.5 0.7 -8.7 2 of 2 21.6 33.2 7.89 0.076 3213 14 3016 47 2816 73 194 31 51.0 9 9.1 1.7 0.0169 0.4488 359 18.2 28.0 53.4 3.5 -999 -999 -999 291 LH9b 532 464-592 41 8.2 2.2 -8.3 13 of 14 21.6 33.2 7.89 0.076 3213 14 3016 47 2816 73 194 31 51.0 9 9.1 1.7 0.0169 0.4643 359 18.2 28.0 55.2 3.6 -999 -999 -999 291 LH13a 561 479-659 43 6.5 1.6 -8.5 22 of 22 21.9 33.1 7.93 0.05 2179 36 2022 39 1867 47 142 16 32.5 4 3.4 0.4 0.0161 0.2667 207 9.6 50.7 27.4 1.8 -999 -999 -999 291 LH13b 561 479-659 43 6.5 1.6 -8.5 22 of 22 21.9 33.1 7.93 0.05 2179 36 2022 39 1867 47 142 16 32.5 4 3.4 0.4 0.0161 0.2928 207 9.6 50.7 30.0 2.0 -999 -999 -999 291 LH14 566 454-637 50 6.3 2.7 -8.7 9 of 9 21.9 33.3 7.95 0.034 2247 8 2016 21 1855 30 148 11 97.4 7 3.6 0.3 0.0483 0.3438 596 9.7 51.0 101.7 6.7 -999 -999 -999 291 LH15a 552 472-624 39 6.8 1.2 -8.5 11 of 11 21.6 33.1 7.94 0.036 2291 16 2025 27 1862 36 147 11 131.9 11 3.6 0.3 0.0651 0.4284 812 9.9 52.4 171.8 11.3 -999 -999 -999 291 LH15b 552 472-624 39 6.8 1.2 -8.5 11 of 11 21.6 33.1 7.94 0.036 2291 16 2025 27 1862 36 147 11 131.9 11 3.6 0.3 0.0651 0.4079 812 9.9 52.4 163.6 10.8 -999 -999 -999 291 LH16a 512 403-589 38 4.7 1.1 -8.6 17 of 19 21.6 33.4 7.98 0.052 2235 8 2019 29 1848 44 160 18 69.2 9 3.9 0.4 0.0343 0.3357 397 9.8 51.2 66.0 4.4 -999 8.80 0.07 19 LH16b 512 403-589 38 4.7 1.1 -8.6 17 of 19 21.6 33.4 7.98 0.052 2235 8 2019 29 1848 44 160 18 69.2 9 3.9 0.4 0.0343 0.3328 397 9.8 51.2 65.4 4.3 -999 9.93 0.08 19 BH1a 616 605-631 49 10.9 3.0 -8.5 7 of 7 26.01 36.4 8.04 0.06 2365 16 2040 47 1797 74 232 30 96.0 13 5.4 0.7 0.0471 0.2735 427 10.1 55.5 57.3 3.8 -999 8.18 0.07 19 BH1b 501 417-526 29 7.2 1.8 -8.4 9 of 11 26.01 36.4 8.04 0.06 2365 16 2040 47 1797 74 232 30 96.0 13 5.4 0.7 0.0471 0.2804 427 10.1 55.5 58.7 3.9 -999 8.55 0.07 19 KD1a 627 607-664 70 10.0 3.1 -8.5 7 of 7 25.9 37.5 8.03 0.046 2404 18 2052 38 1847 58 226 23 96.4 9 9.1 0.9 0.0470 0.3055 424 20.8 54.0 63.1 4.2 56.62 -999 -999 320 KD1b 566 528-598 55 8.5 1.4 -8.4 8 of 8 25.9 37.5 8.03 0.046 2404 18 2052 38 1847 58 226 23 96.4 9 9.1 0.9 0.0470 0.3667 424 20.8 54.0 75.8 5.0 69.26 -999 -999 320 KD2a 636 602-665 79 11.8 2.2 -8.4 5 of 6 25.9 37.1 8.02 0.034 2393 16 2066 28 1854 42 219 16 93.5 7 7.1 0.5 0.0455 0.3791 429 15.8 54.3 78.7 5.2 73.13 -999 -999 320 KD2b 561 495-591 58 7.9 1.5 -8.4 7 of 7 25.9 37.1 8.02 0.034 2393 16 2066 28 1854 42 219 16 93.5 7 7.1 0.5 0.0455 0.3990 429 15.8 54.3 82.8 5.5 77.25 -999 -999 320 BH6a 636 608-669 57 9.9 1.0 -8.5 6 of 6 25.9 36.5 8.03 0.03 2364 16 2046 26 1820 47 221 14 94.0 6 5.3 0.3 0.0460 0.3373 428 10.8 54.3 70.5 4.7 66.34 7.64 0.06 320 BH6b 550 518-560 48 8.1 2.1 -8.4 6 of 6 25.9 36.5 8.03 0.03 2364 16 2046 26 1820 47 221 14 94.0 6 5.3 0.3 0.0460 0.3449 428 10.8 54.3 72.1 4.8 67.93 7.87 0.06 320 BH6c 590 580-608 48 9.3 1.3 -8.4 6 of 6 25.9 36.5 8.03 0.03 2364 16 2046 26 1820 47 221 14 94.0 6 5.3 0.3 0.0460 0.3275 428 10.8 54.3 68.4 4.5 64.27 6.84 0.05 320 PR1 -999 -999 -999 -999 -999 -999 -999 25.7 35.5 7.49 0.12 2065 36 2009 -999 1900 -999 65 -999 31.9 -999 1.5 -999 0.0159 -999 -999 -999 -999 58.4 2.9 -999 -999 -999 -999 PR2 -999 -999 -999 -999 -999 -999 -999 25.7 35.5 8.03 0.12 2340 26 2035 -999 1809 -999 215 -999 93.9 -999 5.1 -999 0.0461 -999 -999 -999 -999 69.5 3.5 -999 -999 -999 -999 PR3 -999 -999 -999 -999 -999 -999 -999 25.7 34.47 8.45 0.06 2751 52 2082 -999 1599 -999 478 -999 175.8 -999 11.7 -999 0.0844 -999 -999 -999 -999 112.9 5.6 -999 -999 -999 -999