# Denmark Strait 2000 Year Multiproxy Sediment Data
#----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
#                World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. 
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. 
#
#
# Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:16398
#
# Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/andrews2014/andrews2014ird-k7.txt
# 
# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
#
# Archive: Paleoceanography
#--------------------
# Contribution_Date
#	Date: 2014-04-07
#--------------------
# Title
#	Study_Name: Denmark Strait 2000 Year Multiproxy Sediment Data
#--------------------
# Investigators
#       Investigators: Andrews, J.T.; Jennings, A.E.
#--------------------
# Description_and_Notes
#	Description: High resolution geochemical data from sediment cores in the Denmark Strait, North Atlantic
#	covering the past ~2,000 years. Data are from figures from Andrews and Jennings 2014, as follows:
#	Figure 5 JM96-1210 Nansen Fjord
#	Figure 6A: BS1191-K7 Kangerlussuaq Fjord   
#	Figure 6B: BS1191-K8 Kangerlussuaq Fjord 
#	Figure 7: Sediment sources at site HU93030-019B/MD99-2322 Kangerlussuaq Trough.  
#	Figure 8: Calcite and quartz wt% data for BS1191-K7 HU93030-019B/MD99-2322Kangerlussuaq Trough   
#	Figure 9: calcite and quartz data for North Iceland sites MD99-2263, MD99-2269 and B997-316PC
#	Figure 10: Calcite and quartz data at 30-yr intervals for MD99-2269 and MD99-2322
#	All X-ray diffraction data for HU93030-019B and MD99-2322.
#
# 
# Table 1. Core Locations
# Abbreviations:  BC:Box core  GC or GKC:Gravity core  PC:Piston core  SGC:short gravity core
# 
# 	Core type 	Length cm	Long.	Lat	Water depth	Pb210	SAR 	Sampling
# 		2 cal ka BP			meters		mm/yr	 resolution
# E GREENLAND								
# JM96-1210	GC	240	-29.60	68.20	452	yes	1	10 yr 
# BS1191-K14	GC	> 162	-29.60	68.19	459	no	1.2	
# BS1191-K7	GC	>241	-32.10	68.26	862		3.2	~15 yr
# BS1191-K8	GC	>234	-31.86	68.13	872		2.6	15 yr
# MD99-2322	PC	230	-30.9	66.8	714	no	1.56	17 yr 
# HU93-019B	BC	48.5 cm	-30.80	67.10	713	yes	1.94	5 yr
# PO175GKC#9	GKC	20	-32.00	66.20	313	yes	0.63	16 yr
# NW/N ICELAND								
# B997-316	PC & SGC	269 & 20	-18.80	66.70	658	no	2.47	20 yr
# MD99-2269	PC	410	-20.85	66.63	365	no	2.03	20 yr
# MD99-2263	BC	45.5	-24.20	66.70	235	yes		
# SW ICELAND								
# B997-347	PC	34	-24.2	63.2	321	no	0.17	100 yr
# MD99-2258	BC	24	-24.4	64	355	yes	0.62	15 yr
#
#
#--------------------
# Publication 
#       Authors: J.T. Andrews and A.E. Jennings
#       Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-02-14      
#       Published_Title: Multidecadal to millennial marine climate oscillations across the Denmark Strait (~ 66° N) over the last 2000 cal yr BP
#       Journal_Name: Climate of the Past
#       Volume: 10
#       Edition: 
#       Issue: 1
#       Pages: 325-343
#       DOI: 10.5194/cp-10-325-2014
#       Online_Resource: http://www.clim-past.net/10/325/2014/cp-10-325-2014.html
#       Full_Citation: 
#       Abstract: In the area of Denmark Strait (~66° N), the two modes of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Arctic Oscillation (AO) are expressed in changes of the northward flux of Atlantic water and the southward advection of polar water in the East Iceland current. Proxies from marine cores along an environmental gradient from extensive to little or no drift ice, capture low frequency variations over the last 2000 cal yr BP. Key proxies are the weight% of calcite, a measure of surface water stratification and nutrient supply, the weight% of quartz, a measure of drift ice transport, and grain size. Records from Nansen and Kangerlussuaq fjords show variable ice-rafted debris (IRD) records but have distinct mineralogy associated with differences in the fjord catchment bedrock. A comparison between cores on either side of the Denmark Strait (MD99-2322 and MD99-2269) show a remarkable millennial-scale similarity in the trends of the weight% of calcite with a trough reached during the Little Ice Age. However, the quartz records from these two sites are quite different. The calcite records from the Denmark Strait parallel the 2000 yr Arctic summer-temperature reconstructions; analysis of the detrended calcite and quartz data reveal significant multi-decadal-century periodicities superimposed on a major environmental shift occurring ca. 1450 AD.
#------------------
# Funding_Agency 
#       Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation
#       Grant: NSF-OCE-0823535, ANS-1107761
#------------------
# Site_Information 
#       Site_Name: BS1191-K7
#       Location: Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean
#	Country:  
#	Northernmost_Latitude: 68.26
# 	Southernmost_Latitude: 68.26
# 	Easternmost_Longitude: -32.10
# 	Westernmost_Longitude: -31.10
# 	Elevation: -862 m  
#------------------
# Data_Collection   
#	Collection_Name: BS1191-K7IRD
#	Earliest_Year: 1176
#	Most_Recent_Year: 1988
#	Time_Unit: AD
#	Core_Length: m
#	Notes: 
#------------------
# Chronology: 
# 
# Table 2. Radiocarbon dates.
# Core Id	Depth cm	14C date	error	From	to	Median cal BP	sigma
# JM96-1210GGC	49	785	15	486	374	438	20
# JM96-1210GGC	149.5	1275	15	893	756	821	37
# JM96-1210GGC	332	3050	80	3051	2685	2833	94
# BS1191-K14	50	855	60	521	305	436	58
# BS1191-K14	115.5	1440	70	1107	771	938	82
# BS1191K7	262.5	1310	60	920	680	805	64
# BS1191-K8	107.5	1155	56	768	550	664	53
# BS1191-K8	226	1391	55	1008	745	881	64
# HU93030-019B	55.5	835	20	489	359	436	32
# MD99-2322	2.3	675	30	359	145	273	42
# MD99-2322	34	693	38	413	148	290	51
# MD99-2322	101.5	1267	44	875	670	758	54
# MD99-2322	150	1627	46	1254	1021	1137	59
# MD99-2322	232.5	2415	20	2081	1908	1987	42
# MD99-2263	7	595	15	288	145	253	37
# MD99-2263	10	600	15	294	146	257	34
# MD99-2263	25	850	15	514	445	482	17
# MD99-2263	38.5	1620	15	1253	1127	1192	32
# MD99-2263	45	2165	15	1824	1690	1759	35
# MD99-2269	1	72	37	55	10	36	11
# MD99-2269	42.5	680	30	413	257	328	41
# MD99-2269	131	1010	30	646	530	589	31
# MD99-2269	177.5	1226	25	858	688	762	41
# MD99-2269	265.5	1693	42	1334	1159	1250	43
# MD99-2269	412	2396	47	2150	1890	2028	67
# B997-316	18.5	402	38	121		44	38
# B997-316	41.75	755	35	471	305	396	46
# B997-316	118	1020	40	660	525	595	36
# B997-316	219.25	1090	90	830	505	655	81
# B997-316	249.5	1550	120	1342	862	1102	121
# MD99-2258	27.5	725	15	429	301	367	35
# MD99-2258	31.25	1937	36	1587	1380	1482	52
# MD99-2258	70.5	3180	20	3068	2877	2975	48
# B997-347	3	770	65	504	285	403	61
# B997-347	61	3110	45	3020	2760	2886	66
# 
# 	
#----------------	
# Variables 
#
# Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) 
#
##depth_cm	Depth (cm), , , cm, , , , 
##age_AD	Age, , , AD, , , , 
##ird>2	Ice Rafted Debris, , , count, , , >2mm, ,N
#
#----------------
# Data:
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values:  
#

depth_cm	age_AD	ird>2
1	1988	1
2	1984	1
3	1981	1
4	1977	1
5	1974	1
6	1971	1
7	1967	2
8	1964	5
9	1961	5
10	1957	2
11	1954	0
12	1950	0
13	1947	0
14	1944	0
15	1940	0
16	1937	0
17	1933	0
18	1930	0
19	1927	0
20	1923	2
21	1920	2
22	1916	0
23	1913	1
24	1910	2
25	1906	1
26	1903	3
27	1899	0
28	1896	0
29	1893	0
30	1889	0
31	1886	0
32	1882	0
33	1879	0
34	1876	0
35	1872	1
36	1869	2
37	1865	5
38	1862	4
39	1859	4
40	1855	2
41	1852	1
42	1848	0
43	1845	0
44	1842	0
45	1838	1
46	1835	2
47	1832	1
48	1828	5
49	1825	4
50	1821	4
51	1818	2
52	1815	0
53	1811	0
54	1808	0
55	1804	0
56	1801	0
57	1798	1
58	1794	2
59	1791	1
60	1787	0
61	1784	0
62	1781	0
63	1777	1
64	1774	4
65	1770	6
66	1767	2
67	1764	0
68	1760	1
69	1757	5
70	1753	2
71	1750	2
72	1747	2
73	1743	4
74	1740	4
75	1736	4
76	1733	4
77	1730	1
78	1726	1
79	1723	1
80	1720	2
81	1716	4
82	1713	4
83	1709	5
84	1706	5
85	1703	6
86	1699	7
87	1696	6
88	1692	2
89	1689	2
90	1686	6
91	1682	3
92	1679	3
93	1675	1
94	1672	2
95	1669	0
96	1665	0
97	1662	1
98	1658	2
99	1655	3
100	1652	1
101	1648	6
102	1645	2
103	1641	1
104	1638	3
105	1635	5
106	1631	2
107	1628	1
108	1624	0
109	1621	0
110	1618	0
111	1614	0
112	1611	0
113	1607	0
114	1604	0
115	1601	0
116	1597	0
117	1594	1
118	1591	1
119	1587	1
120	1584	2
121	1580	2
122	1577	2
123	1574	3
124	1570	0
125	1567	1
126	1563	0
127	1560	2
128	1557	2
129	1553	5
130	1550	1
131	1546	4
132	1543	3
133	1540	0
134	1536	0
135	1533	3
136	1529	3
137	1526	1
138	1523	2
139	1519	1
140	1516	1
141	1512	2
142	1509	1
143	1506	0
144	1502	1
145	1499	1
146	1495	0
147	1492	0
148	1489	0
149	1485	0
150	1482	0
151	1479	0
152	1475	0
153	1472	0
154	1468	0
155	1465	0
156	1462	0
157	1458	0
158	1455	0
159	1451	0
160	1448	0
161	1445	0
162	1441	0
163	1438	0
164	1434	0
165	1431	1
166	1428	3
167	1424	11
168	1421	20
169	1417	4
170	1414	2
171	1411	2
172	1407	4
173	1404	3
174	1400	11
175	1397	2
176	1394	9
177	1390	2
178	1387	0
179	1383	1
180	1380	0
181	1377	5
182	1373	1
183	1370	5
184	1367	3
185	1363	6
186	1360	33
187	1356	12
188	1353	7
189	1350	3
190	1346	1
191	1343	7
192	1339	0
193	1336	0
194	1333	2
195	1329	4
196	1326	6
197	1322	3
198	1319	6
199	1316	1
200	1312	3
201	1309	7
202	1305	2
203	1302	5
204	1299	2
205	1295	8
206	1292	6
207	1288	3
208	1285	3
209	1282	9
210	1278	7
211	1275	3
212	1271	3
213	1268	1
214	1265	1
215	1261	1
216	1258	2
217	1254	1
218	1251	2
219	1248	3
220	1244	2
221	1241	7
222	1238	1
223	1234	0
224	1231	0
225	1227	0
226	1224	0
227	1221	4
228	1217	5
229	1214	6
230	1210	4
231	1207	2
232	1204	1
233	1200	1
234	1197	0
235	1193	1
236	1190	3
237	1187	0
238	1183	0
239	1180	1
240	1176	1