# Blake Bahama Outer Ridge and Humber Estuary, UK Oxidizing Pre-Treatments on Amino Acids Data over the last 900ka #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. # If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space # Data lines have no '#' # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/38379 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-ocean-38379.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Paleoceanography # # Dataset_DOI: # # Science_Keywords: #--------------------------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/aar/millman2022/millman2022-knr140-jpc37.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; KNR140-JPC37 Amino Acids Data # #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2023-08-01 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2023-08-01 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Blake Bahama Outer Ridge and Humber Estuary, UK Oxidizing Pre-Treatments on Amino Acids Data over the last 900ka #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Millman, Emily; Wheeler, Lucy; Billups, Katharina; Kaufman, Darrell; Penkman, Kirsty E.H. #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Millman, E., Wheeler, L., Billups, K., Kaufman, D., Penkman, K.E.H. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2022 # Published_Title: Testing the effect of oxidizing pre-treatments on amino acids in benthic and planktic foraminifera tests # Journal_Name: Quaternary Geochronology # Volume: 73 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2022.101401 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Amino acid racemization (AAR) is a geochronological method that uses the ratio of D- to L- configurations in optically active amino acids from carbonate fossils to determine the time elapsed since the death of an organism. Although AAR techniques have been widely applied to foraminiferal tests, there have been limited dedicated assessments of the potential of isolating a bleach-resistant, intra-crystalline fraction of proteins to improve the reliability of AAR in this biomineral system. In this study, we evaluate the effect of two oxidative pre-treatments (hydrogen peroxide and bleach) on amino acid concentrations and D/L values in sub-modern benthic foraminifers (Ammonia spp. and Haynesina germanica) and well-preserved mid Holocene and mid Pleistocene planktic foraminifers (Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, Globorotalia truncatulinoides, and Globorotalia tumida). The oxidative pre-treatments successfully reduced the amino acid content of the foraminiferal tests to a residual fraction, and with the exception of Ammonia spp., neither pre-treatment substantially affected the relative proportion of individual amino acids. The bleaching pre-treatment does not consistently alter D/L values when compared to peroxide pre-treatment, but it does tend to reduce the subsample variability in D/L values, albeit only to a small degree in an inconsistent fashion. Therefore, we recommend that a relatively weak oxidative pre-treatment with 3% hydrogen peroxide is sufficient for foraminifera-based AAR applications. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Petroleum Research Fund # Grant: PRF #56964-ND #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: University of York Chemistry Department # Grant: #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: #1855381 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: European Research Council # Grant: #865222 #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: KNR140-37JPC # Location: North Atlantic Ocean # Northernmost_Latitude: 31.69025 # Southernmost_Latitude: 31.69025 # Easternmost_Longitude: -75.430117 # Westernmost_Longitude: -75.430117 # Elevation_m: -2975 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: KNR140-JPC37 Amino Acids Millman2022 # First_Year: 880000 # Last_Year: 0 # Time_Unit: calendar year before present # Core_Length_m: 150 # Parameter_Keywords: geochemistry # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #--------------------------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## Labcode sample identification,,,,,paleoceanography,,,C, ## Site sample identification,,,,,paleoceanography,,,N, ## Top depth at sample end,,,centimeter,,paleoceanography,,,N,depth at top of core section ## Bottom depth at sample start,,,centimeter,,paleoceanography,,,N,depth at bottom of core section ## mcd depth,,,meter,,paleoceanography,,,N,mcd at the top of the core section ## Age age,,,calendar kiloyear before present,,paleoceanography,,,N,ages determined from %CaCO3 orbitally tuned data from Grützner et al. 2002 ## Species notes,,,,,paleoceanography,,,C,planktic foraminifera species used for measurements ## Pre-treatment notes,,,,,paleoceanography,,,C,pre-treatment method used prior to analysis; H2O2 is hydrogen peroxide treatment and NaOCl is bleach treatment ## Tests number of samples,,,count,,paleoceanography,,,N,number of foraminifera tests analyzed per sample ## Asp_D/L aspartic acid,foraminifer,,fraction,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,ratio of D- to L-aspartic acid; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography ## Glu_D/L glutamic acid,foraminifer,,fraction,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,ratio of D- to L-glutamic acid; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography ## L-Ser/L-Asp amino acid,foraminifer,,fraction,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,ratio of L-serine to L-aspartic acid; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography ## [Asp] aspartic acid,foraminifer,,picomole,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,concentration of aspartic acid; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography ## [Glu] glutamic acid,foraminifer,,picomole,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,concentration of glutamic acid; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography ## [Ser] serine,foraminifer,,picomole,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,concentration of serine; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography ## [Gly] glycine,foraminifer,,picomole,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,concentration of glycine; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography ## [Ala] alanine,foraminifer,,picomole,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,concentration of alanine; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography ## [Val] valine,foraminifer,,picomole,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,concentration of valine; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography ## [Phe] phenylalanine,foraminifer,,picomole,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,concentration of phenylalanine; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography ## [Ile] isoleucine,foraminifer,,picomole,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,concentration of isoleucine; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography ## [Leu] leucine,foraminifer,,picomole,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,concentration of lecuine; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography ## [Total] amino acid,foraminifer,,picomole,,paleoceanography,,high-performance liquid chromatography,N,total amino acid concentration; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: NaN Labcode Site Top Bottom mcd Age Species Pre-treatment Tests Asp_D/L Glu_D/L L-Ser/L-Asp [Asp] [Glu] [Ser] [Gly] [Ala] [Val] [Phe] [Ile] [Leu] [Total] 16631A KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata H2O2 5 0.153 0.055 0.7 185 139 122 138 147 70 51 45 58 954 16631B KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata H2O2 5 0.173 0.067 0.6 106 73 62 69 98 47 30 26 32 544 16631C KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata H2O2 5 0.193 0.087 0.4 106 65 48 63 92 42 27 24 25 492 16631D KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata H2O2 5 0.170 0.063 0.6 138 95 80 81 117 56 38 34 39 679 16631G KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata H2O2 5 0.194 0.090 0.5 150 99 75 98 131 54 41 32 37 717 16631H KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata H2O2 5 0.185 0.074 0.4 141 87 66 79 121 55 37 32 34 652 16631I KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata H2O2 6 0.184 0.075 0.5 127 89 72 92 122 55 41 34 39 671 16631J KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata H2O2 5 0.175 0.066 0.4 159 95 73 69 128 62 38 35 36 696 16631M KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata NaOCl 10 0.179 0.099 0.3 142 89 50 49 108 52 4 31 32 557 16631O KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata NaOCl 10 0.183 0.079 0.3 111 62 41 40 83 39 22 23 23 444 16631P KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata NaOCl 10 0.190 0.084 0.3 98 67 37 41 101 49 4 30 28 455 16631Q KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata NaOCl 10 0.179 0.077 0.3 85 58 31 33 81 42 10 27 24 391 16631R KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata NaOCl 11 0.182 0.080 0.3 31 34 11 24 65 35 2 22 19 243 16631S KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata NaOCl 10 0.183 0.077 0.3 142 87 51 40 116 60 7 37 36 576 16631T KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata NaOCl 10 0.172 0.071 0.4 22 22 11 17 39 20 2 12 10 155 16632A KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 5 0.206 0.080 0.5 181 115 96 123 184 73 60 44 49 925 16632B KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 5 0.195 0.077 0.4 136 80 56 61 117 51 34 30 32 597 16632C KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 5 0.202 0.085 0.5 192 119 97 178 182 64 55 38 45 970 16632D KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 5 0.219 0.086 0.4 130 83 63 107 125 43 37 26 31 646 16632E KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 6 0.227 0.082 0.5 231 144 121 207 227 81 70 46 60 1188 16632F KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 5 0.205 0.075 0.5 170 115 86 150 171 62 52 37 44 889 16632G KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 5 0.199 0.079 0.4 173 100 72 78 149 63 45 40 42 762 16632I KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 5 0.213 0.081 0.5 165 106 82 122 161 63 50 38 44 830 16632J KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 5 0.200 0.087 0.4 163 100 69 85 147 59 44 36 40 741 16632L KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 10 0.202 0.081 0.4 105 60 45 34 110 50 11 28 26 470 16632M KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 10 0.181 0.078 0.7 49 29 39 55 99 45 3 28 27 375 16632N KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 10 0.197 0.083 0.4 100 65 49 55 140 57 2 35 34 537 16632O KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 10 0.197 0.080 0.5 127 76 82 76 183 71 15 42 47 718 16632P KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 10 0.188 0.079 0.8 68 45 62 60 137 55 3 34 35 498 16632R KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 10 0.197 0.082 0.5 75 44 50 54 126 56 2 35 35 479 16632S KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 12 0.191 0.078 0.6 63 36 42 41 104 48 3 30 30 397 16632T KNR140-JPC37 150 152 1.5 10.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 11 0.191 0.077 0.4 53 37 23 25 65 30 2 18 15 268 16636B KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 5 0.288 0.094 0.4 196 118 85 112 218 70 51 45 50 945 16636C KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 5 0.289 0.116 0.3 178 103 66 61 157 67 47 42 47 767 16636E KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 4 0.292 0.104 0.4 153 92 62 75 161 57 41 37 39 716 16636F KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 4 0.287 0.098 0.4 186 119 75 73 138 84 56 56 56 844 16636G KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides H2O2 4 0.276 0.079 0.5 224 155 107 161 224 113 85 78 95 1240 16636I KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 9 0.272 0.099 0.4 128 85 51 36 129 55 34 36 37 591 16636J KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 10 0.286 0.108 0.3 128 79 46 36 123 51 18 33 34 547 16636K KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 10 0.275 0.101 0.4 126 85 50 36 125 53 24 34 37 569 16636L KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 10 0.294 0.113 0.3 202 130 76 57 196 73 11 45 50 840 16636M KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 9 0.239 0.088 0.4 54 67 22 31 133 56 7 38 39 447 16636N KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 8.25 0.314 0.115 0.3 244 138 80 64 216 76 25 46 54 942 16636O KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 8 0.266 0.087 0.4 188 147 80 55 194 79 8 51 57 859 16636Q KNR140-JPC37 1112 1114 11.12 51.5 Globorotalia truncatulinoides NaOCl 6.5 0.296 0.099 0.4 114 91 53 58 137 46 6 31 38 574